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<p>Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a versatile polymer that can be used as a thermoplastic or crosslinked hydrogel in many applications. Decolorization of wastewater relies on strong interactions between adsorbents and dyes. Therefore, polymers containing electronegative atoms, such as O and N, are good candidates for adsorbents in dye removal. In this study, hydrogels from PVA were prepared using crosslinking agents with different numbers of amine groups, namely ethylenediamine (EDA) and diethylene triamine (DETA). DETA provided a higher crosslinking density than EDA. FTIR results revealed the crosslinking reaction between amines and the acetate groups of PVA. The <i>T</i><sub><i>g</i></sub> of the hydrogels increased with increasing crosslinking density, whereas the <i>T</i><sub><i>m</i></sub> values decreased. SEM images revealed that crosslinking density also affects particle size. The highest Eversol Red dye removal efficiency was determined to be 93% in 30&#xa0;min with P1E1, which has the lowest crosslinking density. It is also concluded that the crosslinking density has a greater effect on dye adsorption capacity than particle size. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption rate follows a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption–desorption cycle tests showed that the P1E1 hydrogel achieved 68% dye removal capacity after five cycles. In this study, a reusable PVA hydrogel with high dye removal efficiency in a short time was prepared.</p>

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Influence of Amines on the Structure and Adsorption Properties of PVA Hydrogels for Dye Removal

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Busra Keskin,
  • Omer Yunus Gumus

摘要

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a versatile polymer that can be used as a thermoplastic or crosslinked hydrogel in many applications. Decolorization of wastewater relies on strong interactions between adsorbents and dyes. Therefore, polymers containing electronegative atoms, such as O and N, are good candidates for adsorbents in dye removal. In this study, hydrogels from PVA were prepared using crosslinking agents with different numbers of amine groups, namely ethylenediamine (EDA) and diethylene triamine (DETA). DETA provided a higher crosslinking density than EDA. FTIR results revealed the crosslinking reaction between amines and the acetate groups of PVA. The Tg of the hydrogels increased with increasing crosslinking density, whereas the Tm values decreased. SEM images revealed that crosslinking density also affects particle size. The highest Eversol Red dye removal efficiency was determined to be 93% in 30 min with P1E1, which has the lowest crosslinking density. It is also concluded that the crosslinking density has a greater effect on dye adsorption capacity than particle size. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption rate follows a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption–desorption cycle tests showed that the P1E1 hydrogel achieved 68% dye removal capacity after five cycles. In this study, a reusable PVA hydrogel with high dye removal efficiency in a short time was prepared.