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<p>Since malignancy and multidrug-resistant infectious organisms have been defined by amplification of cells that evade central endogenous regulatory systems, new ways must be developed to regulate or inhibit their dissemination in medical environments. The release of industrialized dye waste into water bodies is a global environmental problem. The plant-based compounds derived from <i>Cucurbita pepo</i> fruit peel extracts have been employed to generate TiO<sub>2</sub> nanorods (TiO<sub>2</sub> NRs) utilizing a green approach, which have been evaluated for the highest efficient photodecomposition, with 96% efficiency in crystal violet dye, was notably seen by a 2<sup>3</sup> factorial design and also antibacterial and anticancer properties were observed. TiO<sub>2</sub> NRs have been created exhibiting a well-dispersed, well-defined rod-shaped morphology, and small particle dimensions (19–24&#xa0;nm) and groups of functionalities that have been thoroughly characterized using various methods of analysis. This research illustrates the antibacterial assays on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Methylobacterium radiotolerans</i> demonstrated significant inhibition zones and efficient suppression of antibacterial proliferation. Furthermore, the synthesized NRs exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7), with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 53.96&#xa0;µg/mL. This illustrates their versatility, which may help with the sustainability of disinfection of water in the actual world. This research illustrates the efficacy of TiO<sub>2</sub> NRs in dye degradation, antibacterial growth suppression, and anticancer properties in the context of environmental cleanup. In summary, the findings show that the generated TiO<sub>2</sub> NRs have the promise to be used in a variety of ways in both therapeutic and environmentally friendly cleanup scenarios.</p>

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Optimized Formulation of TiO₂ Nanorods: Advanced Biomedical Applications and Factorial Design for Environmental Enhancement

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • S. K. Thiyakarajan,
  • S. Vijayakumar,
  • A. Vikram,
  • D. Devadharshini,
  • V. Devi Rajeswari,
  • V. Yamini

摘要

Since malignancy and multidrug-resistant infectious organisms have been defined by amplification of cells that evade central endogenous regulatory systems, new ways must be developed to regulate or inhibit their dissemination in medical environments. The release of industrialized dye waste into water bodies is a global environmental problem. The plant-based compounds derived from Cucurbita pepo fruit peel extracts have been employed to generate TiO2 nanorods (TiO2 NRs) utilizing a green approach, which have been evaluated for the highest efficient photodecomposition, with 96% efficiency in crystal violet dye, was notably seen by a 23 factorial design and also antibacterial and anticancer properties were observed. TiO2 NRs have been created exhibiting a well-dispersed, well-defined rod-shaped morphology, and small particle dimensions (19–24 nm) and groups of functionalities that have been thoroughly characterized using various methods of analysis. This research illustrates the antibacterial assays on Staphylococcus aureus and Methylobacterium radiotolerans demonstrated significant inhibition zones and efficient suppression of antibacterial proliferation. Furthermore, the synthesized NRs exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7), with an IC50 value of 53.96 µg/mL. This illustrates their versatility, which may help with the sustainability of disinfection of water in the actual world. This research illustrates the efficacy of TiO2 NRs in dye degradation, antibacterial growth suppression, and anticancer properties in the context of environmental cleanup. In summary, the findings show that the generated TiO2 NRs have the promise to be used in a variety of ways in both therapeutic and environmentally friendly cleanup scenarios.