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<p>This study investigates the synthesis of nano-alumina via a controlled sol-gel method and its subsequent integration into metakaolin-sandstone-based geopolymer composites. By systematically varying sintering temperatures (600–1150&#xa0;°C), the evolution of γ- to α-phase alumina was analyzed using XRD, SEM, XRF, and FTIR. XRD confirmed the transition from γ-Al₂O₃ to α-Al₂O₃ at 1150&#xa0;°C, while SEM micrographs revealed increased particle densification and grain coarsening with higher calcination temperatures. XRF indicated enhanced Al₂O₃ purity with decreasing trace impurities at elevated temperatures. FTIR spectra confirmed successful geopolymerization and reinforced aluminosilicate bonding through Al-O and Si-O-Al linkages. The incorporation of phase-engineered nano-alumina (1–3 wt%) significantly improved matrix uniformity and chemical bonding, thereby promoting densification. The findings highlight the critical role of alumina phase, morphology, and dosage in optimizing mechanical, chemical, and microstructural performance in geopolymers. This work supports the use of thermally tuned nano-alumina as a sustainable additive in green construction materials. The distinct reactivity of γ- and α-alumina phases was found to influence aluminosilicate gel nucleation and network development, suggesting a structure and property interdependence governed by thermal phase control. The results highlight the critical role of alumina phase, morphology, and dosage in optimizing mechanical, chemical, and microstructural performance in geopolymers. This work supports the use of thermally tuned nano-alumina as a sustainable additive in green construction materials.</p>

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Thermal Phase-Controlled Nano-Alumina for Structural and Chemical Enhancement of Geopolymer Composites: A Sol-Gel Based Approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月2日

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  • Najeeba Muhammad,
  • Muhammad Jawad,
  • Naima Noor,
  • Sana Noor,
  • Saeed Gul,
  • Se-Hun Kim,
  • Noor ul Amin

摘要

This study investigates the synthesis of nano-alumina via a controlled sol-gel method and its subsequent integration into metakaolin-sandstone-based geopolymer composites. By systematically varying sintering temperatures (600–1150 °C), the evolution of γ- to α-phase alumina was analyzed using XRD, SEM, XRF, and FTIR. XRD confirmed the transition from γ-Al₂O₃ to α-Al₂O₃ at 1150 °C, while SEM micrographs revealed increased particle densification and grain coarsening with higher calcination temperatures. XRF indicated enhanced Al₂O₃ purity with decreasing trace impurities at elevated temperatures. FTIR spectra confirmed successful geopolymerization and reinforced aluminosilicate bonding through Al-O and Si-O-Al linkages. The incorporation of phase-engineered nano-alumina (1–3 wt%) significantly improved matrix uniformity and chemical bonding, thereby promoting densification. The findings highlight the critical role of alumina phase, morphology, and dosage in optimizing mechanical, chemical, and microstructural performance in geopolymers. This work supports the use of thermally tuned nano-alumina as a sustainable additive in green construction materials. The distinct reactivity of γ- and α-alumina phases was found to influence aluminosilicate gel nucleation and network development, suggesting a structure and property interdependence governed by thermal phase control. The results highlight the critical role of alumina phase, morphology, and dosage in optimizing mechanical, chemical, and microstructural performance in geopolymers. This work supports the use of thermally tuned nano-alumina as a sustainable additive in green construction materials.