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<p>This work aims to extract and analyze cellulose from various solid agricultural wastes for subsequent carbon nanofiber synthesis. Cellulose was isolated using two extraction methods:&#xa0;hot-water impregnation and Soxhlet extraction. To evaluate cellulose purity, different bleaching treatments (H₂O₂/NaOH, NaClO, and NaClO₄) were investigated. The extracted celluloses were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA/DTG), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). FTIR and EDX analyses confirmed the successful removal of non-cellulosic components under the studied conditions. TGA/DTG results indicated high thermal stability and significant cellulose content across the samples. SEM observations revealed substantial structural transformations after bleaching, showing well-defined cellulose microfibrils and a strong reduction of lignin and hemicellulose.&#xa0;The cellulose extraction yields obtained from the different biomasses ranged from 20.5 ± 0.3% to 42.2 ± 0.4% (Each experiment was repeated five times) A comparative study of extraction efficiencies demonstrated that hot-water impregnation provided the highest yields under the tested conditions. Additionally, hydrogen peroxide bleaching led to a greater exposure of cellulose microfibrils compared with sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorite, without making absolute claims.</p>

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Comparative Study of Cellulose Extraction From Lignocellulosic Biomass Wastes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月2日

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  • Nesrine Ben Ali,
  • Asma Abdedayem,
  • Patrick Garrigue,
  • Fouzia Achchaq,
  • Mohamed Ragoubi,
  • Samia Ben-Ali

摘要

This work aims to extract and analyze cellulose from various solid agricultural wastes for subsequent carbon nanofiber synthesis. Cellulose was isolated using two extraction methods: hot-water impregnation and Soxhlet extraction. To evaluate cellulose purity, different bleaching treatments (H₂O₂/NaOH, NaClO, and NaClO₄) were investigated. The extracted celluloses were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA/DTG), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). FTIR and EDX analyses confirmed the successful removal of non-cellulosic components under the studied conditions. TGA/DTG results indicated high thermal stability and significant cellulose content across the samples. SEM observations revealed substantial structural transformations after bleaching, showing well-defined cellulose microfibrils and a strong reduction of lignin and hemicellulose. The cellulose extraction yields obtained from the different biomasses ranged from 20.5 ± 0.3% to 42.2 ± 0.4% (Each experiment was repeated five times) A comparative study of extraction efficiencies demonstrated that hot-water impregnation provided the highest yields under the tested conditions. Additionally, hydrogen peroxide bleaching led to a greater exposure of cellulose microfibrils compared with sodium hypochlorite and sodium chlorite, without making absolute claims.