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<p>This study investigates the integration of biofiltration, biosorption, and percolation processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater from a peri-urban area of Casablanca, Morocco. A fixed-bed biofilter packed with synthetic media was employed to evaluate the acclimatization of indigenous microbial consortia under gradually increasing organic loads. Adaptation was achieved through a stepwise protocol in which influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was progressively increased, with hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) explicitly monitored at each stage. Results demonstrated that microbial acclimation significantly enhanced treatment efficiency, reaching up to 97.7% COD removal within three days at optimal conditions. Biosorption assays using pre-acclimated biomass further reduced COD by approximately 35% within 3&#xa0;h, confirming the contribution of extracellular polymeric substances and biofilm microstructures to pollutant uptake. Percolation experiments with different packing materials and flow rates revealed that packing porosity and specific surface area strongly influenced removal efficiency, with maximum COD reduction of 65.9% at 20 mL min⁻¹ using high-surface-area packing. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, Tukey post hoc) confirmed significant differences among adaptation stages and packing–flow interactions (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) measures, including replicate analyses and calibration with standards, ensured data robustness. Compared to recent studies, this integrated approach demonstrates improved reproducibility and highlights its potential as a cost-effective and scalable treatment solution for semi-arid regions.</p>

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Improving Industrial Wastewater Treatment : Integrating Biofiltration, Biosorption, and Runoff Processes in a Bioreactor

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • A. Salim,
  • H. Nour,
  • A. Jrifi,
  • A. El Bouari,
  • M. Tahiri,
  • O. Tanane

摘要

This study investigates the integration of biofiltration, biosorption, and percolation processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater from a peri-urban area of Casablanca, Morocco. A fixed-bed biofilter packed with synthetic media was employed to evaluate the acclimatization of indigenous microbial consortia under gradually increasing organic loads. Adaptation was achieved through a stepwise protocol in which influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) was progressively increased, with hydraulic retention time (HRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) explicitly monitored at each stage. Results demonstrated that microbial acclimation significantly enhanced treatment efficiency, reaching up to 97.7% COD removal within three days at optimal conditions. Biosorption assays using pre-acclimated biomass further reduced COD by approximately 35% within 3 h, confirming the contribution of extracellular polymeric substances and biofilm microstructures to pollutant uptake. Percolation experiments with different packing materials and flow rates revealed that packing porosity and specific surface area strongly influenced removal efficiency, with maximum COD reduction of 65.9% at 20 mL min⁻¹ using high-surface-area packing. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, Tukey post hoc) confirmed significant differences among adaptation stages and packing–flow interactions (P < 0.05). Quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) measures, including replicate analyses and calibration with standards, ensured data robustness. Compared to recent studies, this integrated approach demonstrates improved reproducibility and highlights its potential as a cost-effective and scalable treatment solution for semi-arid regions.