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<p>The removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater remains a critical environmental challenge due to their toxicity, persistence, and potential ecological impacts. In this study, a Clay/TiO₂-HMT nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via a two-step impregnation–calcination method and applied for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under solar irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite were systematically characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Morphological analysis revealed a uniform distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the clay matrix, with reduced agglomeration attributed to the structure-directing effect of HMT. The bandgap energy decreased from 3.2&#xa0;eV (Clay/TiO₂) to 3.0&#xa0;eV (Clay/TiO₂-HMT), enabling enhanced visible-light absorption. Photocatalytic performance tests demonstrated that the highest degradation efficiency (82.24%) was achieved at pH 6 with a reaction time of 120&#xa0;min and an initial dye concentration of 25&#xa0;mg·L⁻¹. The improved performance was attributed to the synergistic effect between surface adsorption by the clay and efficient charge separation in TiO₂ facilitated by HMT modification. These findings highlight the potential of Clay/TiO₂-HMT as an eco-friendly and cost-effective photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.</p>

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A Clay/TiO₂-HMT Nanocomposite for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Nohong Nohong,
  • Ingrid Ine,
  • Imran Imran,
  • Wa Ndibale,
  • Irwan Irwan,
  • Ishmah Farah Adiba,
  • Andi Aladin,
  • Maulidiyah Maulidiyah,
  • Muhammad Nurdin

摘要

The removal of synthetic dyes from wastewater remains a critical environmental challenge due to their toxicity, persistence, and potential ecological impacts. In this study, a Clay/TiO₂-HMT nanocomposite was successfully synthesized via a two-step impregnation–calcination method and applied for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under solar irradiation. The physicochemical properties of the nanocomposite were systematically characterized using SEM, FTIR, XRD, and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Morphological analysis revealed a uniform distribution of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the clay matrix, with reduced agglomeration attributed to the structure-directing effect of HMT. The bandgap energy decreased from 3.2 eV (Clay/TiO₂) to 3.0 eV (Clay/TiO₂-HMT), enabling enhanced visible-light absorption. Photocatalytic performance tests demonstrated that the highest degradation efficiency (82.24%) was achieved at pH 6 with a reaction time of 120 min and an initial dye concentration of 25 mg·L⁻¹. The improved performance was attributed to the synergistic effect between surface adsorption by the clay and efficient charge separation in TiO₂ facilitated by HMT modification. These findings highlight the potential of Clay/TiO₂-HMT as an eco-friendly and cost-effective photocatalyst for sustainable wastewater treatment applications.