Microsized aerogel biochar for targeted nutrient delivery
摘要
Engineered microsized aerogel biochar powder (mABp) is a highly reactive material with promising applications in agricultural land management, including soil improvement and carbon sequestration. This study aimed to investigate the surface charge (zeta potential, ζ) and colloidal properties of mABp to better understand its potential for efficient nutrient delivery. The mABp was synthesized from corn stalks and anthropogenically enriched with various nutrient ions, including NH4+, K+, NO3−, PO43−, Mg2+ and Ca2+. The dynamic light scattering technique was employed to assess the variation in ζ potential and colloidal dynamics of nutrient-loaded mABp across a broad pH range (~ 3 to ~ 9). mABp exhibited a lightweight structure, high porosity (~ 92%), and densely packed negative surface charges, resulting in a remarkable nutrient loading capacity, particularly for divalent cations such as Ca2+ (797.6 mg g−1) and Mg2+ (669.4 mg g−1). Notably, mABp can also incorporate certain amounts of monovalent cationic nutrients (i.e., NH4+ and K+) within its structure while maintaining strong surface electronegativity and high mobility. These properties highlight the potential of mABp as a maneuverable carrier for NH4+ and K+ delivery in soil environments. However, the risks of off-site transport and associated nutrient losses warrant careful consideration. Further investigations are needed to evaluate its nutrient transfer performance in soil, interactions with other soil components, and long-term behavior including the degradation of mABp and its potential impacts on non-target areas such as groundwater, to ensure its effectiveness and sustainability.
Graphical Abstract