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<p>Coating techniques are crucial in improving the performance and functionality of membranes used in separation technologies. They enable surface modification for enhanced selectivity, permeability, and other membrane properties. Advancements in nanomaterials and functional coatings offer new possibilities for tailored membrane interfaces. This review provides a comprehensive overview of three commonly used coating methods: dip coating, spray coating, and vapour phase interfacial polymerization. It focuses on their mechanisms, advantages, limitations, and impact on membrane performance. Each technique has unique benefits regarding film formation control, operational simplicity, and adaptability to various materials. However, challenges such as coating uniformity, poor adhesion, and scalability can hinder their large-scale application. The review also discusses emerging trends, including integrating nanomaterials, stimuli-responsive polymers, and hybrid functional layers, which create new opportunities for the design of smart membranes. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the need for sustainable coating methods, including green solvents, bio-based materials, and energy-efficient techniques, to promote environmentally friendly membrane fabrication. By critically analyzing current practices and future directions, this work aims to guide the development of next-generation coated membranes that enhance performance and industrial viability.</p>

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Next-generation membrane coatings: interfacial polymerization and innovative surface engineering for water purification

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月23日

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  • Tultul Gogoi,
  • Pravin G. Ingole

摘要

Coating techniques are crucial in improving the performance and functionality of membranes used in separation technologies. They enable surface modification for enhanced selectivity, permeability, and other membrane properties. Advancements in nanomaterials and functional coatings offer new possibilities for tailored membrane interfaces. This review provides a comprehensive overview of three commonly used coating methods: dip coating, spray coating, and vapour phase interfacial polymerization. It focuses on their mechanisms, advantages, limitations, and impact on membrane performance. Each technique has unique benefits regarding film formation control, operational simplicity, and adaptability to various materials. However, challenges such as coating uniformity, poor adhesion, and scalability can hinder their large-scale application. The review also discusses emerging trends, including integrating nanomaterials, stimuli-responsive polymers, and hybrid functional layers, which create new opportunities for the design of smart membranes. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the need for sustainable coating methods, including green solvents, bio-based materials, and energy-efficient techniques, to promote environmentally friendly membrane fabrication. By critically analyzing current practices and future directions, this work aims to guide the development of next-generation coated membranes that enhance performance and industrial viability.