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<p>This study demonstrates the performance of sustainable concrete produced using recycled coarse aggregates (RCAs) derived from fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS)—based concretes. The RCAs were employed to replace natural coarse aggregates at proportions of 20%, 30%, 50%, and 80%. A series of experimental tests was conducted to determine the fresh, mechanical, and durability properties, including workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, drying shrinkage, and resistance to sulphate attack. Microstructural analysis was performed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to compare the internal structures of fly ash-based recycled coarse aggregates (FRCA) and GGBS-based recycled coarse aggregates (GRCA) mixes. The experimental results indicated that the 30% replacement level exhibited the optimum performance, providing higher compressive and flexural strength, improved stiffness, and a denser microstructure with reduced permeability. Beyond this optimum level, a reduction in strength characteristics was observed due to increased porosity and weaker interfacial bonding. The findings demonstrate that using up to 30% FRCA/GRCA can produce eco-efficient concrete with acceptable mechanical and durability performance, contributing to sustainable and resource-efficient construction practices.</p>

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Performance evaluation of concrete incorporating sustainable ground granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash-based recycled aggregates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Vinodhkumar Shanmugasundaram,
  • Mukesh Thottipalayam Shakthivel,
  • Manikandan Periyasamy,
  • Prem Kumar Vagestan,
  • A. Tamilarasan,
  • Dharanidharan Selvaraj

摘要

This study demonstrates the performance of sustainable concrete produced using recycled coarse aggregates (RCAs) derived from fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS)—based concretes. The RCAs were employed to replace natural coarse aggregates at proportions of 20%, 30%, 50%, and 80%. A series of experimental tests was conducted to determine the fresh, mechanical, and durability properties, including workability, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, drying shrinkage, and resistance to sulphate attack. Microstructural analysis was performed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to compare the internal structures of fly ash-based recycled coarse aggregates (FRCA) and GGBS-based recycled coarse aggregates (GRCA) mixes. The experimental results indicated that the 30% replacement level exhibited the optimum performance, providing higher compressive and flexural strength, improved stiffness, and a denser microstructure with reduced permeability. Beyond this optimum level, a reduction in strength characteristics was observed due to increased porosity and weaker interfacial bonding. The findings demonstrate that using up to 30% FRCA/GRCA can produce eco-efficient concrete with acceptable mechanical and durability performance, contributing to sustainable and resource-efficient construction practices.