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<p>This study reports the solvothermal synthesis and characterization of a novel triazine-based brominated covalent organic framework (TbBr-COF) exhibiting high crystallinity, porosity, and stability. Incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂-NP) yielded two bioinspired, flower-like derivatives Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C and Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L through a self-organized hierarchical assembly. The materials were synthesized using 2,4,6-tris(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,4-dibromobenzene in a mesitylene/dioxane/acetic acid system at 120&#xa0;°C for 80&#xa0;h, followed by sonication and homogenization. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses confirmed structural integrity, high crystallinity, and porosity, with SEM and HRTEM revealing rod-like TbBr-COF and flower-like Ce-modified structures. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed 91.11% cerium loading after 64&#xa0;h, while FTIR and XRD verified framework formation and π-π stacking. ¹³C NMR indicated &gt; 90% purity and a triazine carbon shift (171.7 ppm), Considering negative inductive effect of bromine. With 91.11% cerium loading and high purity, these materials demonstrate superior antibacterial efficacy against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, positioning them as versatile platforms for biomedical and environmental applications. The cerium-modified COFs exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against <i>S. aureus</i>, with inhibition zones of 3.5 ± 0.6&#xa0;cm (Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C), 2.9 ± 0.4&#xa0;cm (Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L), 2.2 ± 1.5&#xa0;cm (TbBr-COF), and 3.1 ± 0.5&#xa0;cm (CeO₂-NP), compared to 3.5&#xa0;cm (control). These TbBr-COFs, with tunable porosity and high surface area, offer a multifaceted platform for drug delivery, antibacterial therapies, and hybrid materials.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Fabrication process of TbBr-COF, Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C and Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L with their antibacterial activity</p> <p></p>

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Triazine-Based Brominated COFs Capped by Nanoceria with Improved Antibacterial Activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Anurag Ajgalle,
  • Chinmaya Mahapatra

摘要

This study reports the solvothermal synthesis and characterization of a novel triazine-based brominated covalent organic framework (TbBr-COF) exhibiting high crystallinity, porosity, and stability. Incorporation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂-NP) yielded two bioinspired, flower-like derivatives Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C and Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L through a self-organized hierarchical assembly. The materials were synthesized using 2,4,6-tris(4-bromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 1,4-dibromobenzene in a mesitylene/dioxane/acetic acid system at 120 °C for 80 h, followed by sonication and homogenization. Spectroscopic and microscopic analyses confirmed structural integrity, high crystallinity, and porosity, with SEM and HRTEM revealing rod-like TbBr-COF and flower-like Ce-modified structures. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed 91.11% cerium loading after 64 h, while FTIR and XRD verified framework formation and π-π stacking. ¹³C NMR indicated > 90% purity and a triazine carbon shift (171.7 ppm), Considering negative inductive effect of bromine. With 91.11% cerium loading and high purity, these materials demonstrate superior antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, positioning them as versatile platforms for biomedical and environmental applications. The cerium-modified COFs exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against S. aureus, with inhibition zones of 3.5 ± 0.6 cm (Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C), 2.9 ± 0.4 cm (Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L), 2.2 ± 1.5 cm (TbBr-COF), and 3.1 ± 0.5 cm (CeO₂-NP), compared to 3.5 cm (control). These TbBr-COFs, with tunable porosity and high surface area, offer a multifaceted platform for drug delivery, antibacterial therapies, and hybrid materials.

Graphical Abstract

Fabrication process of TbBr-COF, Ce-(TbBr-COF)-C and Ce-(TbBr-COF)-L with their antibacterial activity