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<p>A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a multifunctional, integrated device that can harvest energy and detect a variety of physical stimuli, making it ideal for wide range of Internet of Things (IoT) applications where self-powered sensors are required. In the current study, lead-free Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>-incorporated Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) nanocomposites were prepared through a simple solution casting method by doping Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub> (CBB) as nanofillers at different weight percentages (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt./wt%). The CBB nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile antisolvent reprecipitation technique and the obtained CBB was successfully integrated into the matrix of EVA. Characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) verified the effective integration and uniform distribution of the nanoparticles as well as the modified surface morphology. The differential scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed the increased glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>), of the prepared nanocomposites, indicating improved flexibility and stability. Furthermore, the increased surface roughness and water contact angle of the nanocomposite positively affected the fabricated TENG performance. The Cs<sub>3</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Br<sub>9</sub>@EVA (CBB@EVA) nanocomposites were evaluated as triboactive layer in TENG, with the 4.0 wt./wt% CBB@EVA nanocomposite achieving a maximum voltage of 236&#xa0;V, currentof 98 µA and power of 261.36 mW. The optimized CBB@EVA-based TENG (CBB-TENG) was used to charge electrolytic capacitors, lighting commercial LEDs and powering digital watches. Moreover, the CBB-TENG displayed promising results as a self-powered, flexible tactile sensor for wearable and portable devices. Operating in single electrode mode, the optimized TENG demonstrated significant output with minimal force. Its versatile response to different touch types opens up a new avenue for using lead-free halide perovskites in high-performance nanogenerators and flexible tactile sensors.</p>

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Flexible, lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9@EVA nanocomposite triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and tactile sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月23日

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  • Kushal Mohan Gowda,
  • Yashaswini Veeranapura Lokesh,
  • Unnikrishnan Gopalakrishna Panicker,
  • Hattna Shivarudraiah Vedhavathi,
  • Kavya Rajanna,
  • Manjushree Nagaraju,
  • Simran Sainand Revankar,
  • Rumana Farheen Sagade Muktar Ahmed,
  • Beejaganahalli Kendagannaiah Kendagannaswamy,
  • Sangamesha Madanahalli Ankanathappa,
  • Pradeep Reddy Vanga,
  • Bhagyashree Mahesha Sachith,
  • Krishnaveni Sannathammegowda,
  • Małgorzata Norek,
  • Beejaganahalli Sangameshwara Madhukar

摘要

A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a multifunctional, integrated device that can harvest energy and detect a variety of physical stimuli, making it ideal for wide range of Internet of Things (IoT) applications where self-powered sensors are required. In the current study, lead-free Cs3Bi2Br9-incorporated Ethylene-co-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) nanocomposites were prepared through a simple solution casting method by doping Cs3Bi2Br9 (CBB) as nanofillers at different weight percentages (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 wt./wt%). The CBB nanoparticles were synthesized via a facile antisolvent reprecipitation technique and the obtained CBB was successfully integrated into the matrix of EVA. Characterizations using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) verified the effective integration and uniform distribution of the nanoparticles as well as the modified surface morphology. The differential scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed the increased glass transition temperature (Tg), of the prepared nanocomposites, indicating improved flexibility and stability. Furthermore, the increased surface roughness and water contact angle of the nanocomposite positively affected the fabricated TENG performance. The Cs3Bi2Br9@EVA (CBB@EVA) nanocomposites were evaluated as triboactive layer in TENG, with the 4.0 wt./wt% CBB@EVA nanocomposite achieving a maximum voltage of 236 V, currentof 98 µA and power of 261.36 mW. The optimized CBB@EVA-based TENG (CBB-TENG) was used to charge electrolytic capacitors, lighting commercial LEDs and powering digital watches. Moreover, the CBB-TENG displayed promising results as a self-powered, flexible tactile sensor for wearable and portable devices. Operating in single electrode mode, the optimized TENG demonstrated significant output with minimal force. Its versatile response to different touch types opens up a new avenue for using lead-free halide perovskites in high-performance nanogenerators and flexible tactile sensors.