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<p>Tin-based perovskites are increasingly gaining popularity as viable alternatives to lead-based perovskites due to their alluring photophysical characteristics and environmentally advantageous features. Regrettably, the commercial potential of tin-based perovskites is substantially constrained by their exceedingly poor stability and the absence of simple, low-cost synthesis options. Utilizing alkali metal cations such as potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) to modulate perovskite layers presents novel opportunities for developing high-performance inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This work reports a detailed study of the air-processed CsSnBrCl<sub>2</sub> perovskite films prepared via facile solution strategies. In addition, we investigated the influence of varied doping concentrations of potassium (K<sup>+</sup>) on the structure, morphological, photophysical, and photovoltaic features of CsSnBrCl<sub>2</sub> films. The prepared CsSnBrCl<sub>2</sub> perovskite exhibited outstanding air and thermal stability. The structural, morphological, and photophysical properties of the perovskite film were found to be boosted by K<sup>+</sup> doping. The photovoltaic characteristics of PSCs formed from undoped and doped photoactive layers were compared using SCAPS-1D, and the doped systems were found to possess substantial improvements in the photovoltaic characteristics. This investigation introduces a practical and efficient method for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and properties of Sn-based PSCs.</p>

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Air-processed potassium doped CsSnBrCl2 perovskite films for photovoltaic applications: an experimental and simulation study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月4日

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  • Saad Ullah,
  • Anwar Almomen,
  • Firoz Khan,
  • Ali Muhsen Hazazi,
  • Hira Kanwal,
  • Masoud Al-Rasheidi,
  • Samina Qamar

摘要

Tin-based perovskites are increasingly gaining popularity as viable alternatives to lead-based perovskites due to their alluring photophysical characteristics and environmentally advantageous features. Regrettably, the commercial potential of tin-based perovskites is substantially constrained by their exceedingly poor stability and the absence of simple, low-cost synthesis options. Utilizing alkali metal cations such as potassium (K+) to modulate perovskite layers presents novel opportunities for developing high-performance inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This work reports a detailed study of the air-processed CsSnBrCl2 perovskite films prepared via facile solution strategies. In addition, we investigated the influence of varied doping concentrations of potassium (K+) on the structure, morphological, photophysical, and photovoltaic features of CsSnBrCl2 films. The prepared CsSnBrCl2 perovskite exhibited outstanding air and thermal stability. The structural, morphological, and photophysical properties of the perovskite film were found to be boosted by K+ doping. The photovoltaic characteristics of PSCs formed from undoped and doped photoactive layers were compared using SCAPS-1D, and the doped systems were found to possess substantial improvements in the photovoltaic characteristics. This investigation introduces a practical and efficient method for enhancing the photovoltaic performance and properties of Sn-based PSCs.