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<p>Rather than using conventional rotary electromagnetic stirring, a novel intermittent permanent magnet stirring (I-PMS) technique is employed to generate a multi-model magnetic field for the fully stirring of high-carbon liquid steel during the solidification process. As the rotation speed increases from 0 to 150 r/min, the microstructure transforms from coarse columnar to fine equiaxed grains, accompanied by a reduction in average grain size from 160 to 77&#xa0;μm and an increase in the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries from 8.2% to 12.8%. Meanwhile, the maximum texture intensity decreases, and the grain orientation distribution becomes more dispersed. The tensile tests indicate that the ultimate tensile strength and elongation increase from 575 MPa and 1.1% at 0 r/min to 834&#xa0;MPa and 3.7% at 150 r/min, which is attributed to significant grain refinement preventing crack propagation. In addition, numerical simulations reveal that I-PMS generates intense, periodically fluctuating forced convection, with a maximum electromagnetic force of 3932 N/m<sup>3</sup> and a flow velocity of 0.262&#xa0;m/s at 150 r/min. The I-PMS improves melt convection and solidification uniformity, providing a new approach for optimizing the ingot quality and mechanical performance of high-carbon alloyed steels.</p>

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Effect of intermittent permanent magnet stirring on solidification microstructure and mechanical properties of high-carbon alloyed steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月19日

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  • Shuai-Jie Yuan,
  • Jian-Fei Peng,
  • Li-Gang Liu,
  • Wan-Lin Wang,
  • Lin-Feng Hu,
  • Jie Zeng

摘要

Rather than using conventional rotary electromagnetic stirring, a novel intermittent permanent magnet stirring (I-PMS) technique is employed to generate a multi-model magnetic field for the fully stirring of high-carbon liquid steel during the solidification process. As the rotation speed increases from 0 to 150 r/min, the microstructure transforms from coarse columnar to fine equiaxed grains, accompanied by a reduction in average grain size from 160 to 77 μm and an increase in the fraction of high-angle grain boundaries from 8.2% to 12.8%. Meanwhile, the maximum texture intensity decreases, and the grain orientation distribution becomes more dispersed. The tensile tests indicate that the ultimate tensile strength and elongation increase from 575 MPa and 1.1% at 0 r/min to 834 MPa and 3.7% at 150 r/min, which is attributed to significant grain refinement preventing crack propagation. In addition, numerical simulations reveal that I-PMS generates intense, periodically fluctuating forced convection, with a maximum electromagnetic force of 3932 N/m3 and a flow velocity of 0.262 m/s at 150 r/min. The I-PMS improves melt convection and solidification uniformity, providing a new approach for optimizing the ingot quality and mechanical performance of high-carbon alloyed steels.