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<p>The molten pool size, residual stress and defects of H13 steel prepared by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) under various process parameters were investigated. The residual stress range for both defective and crack-free samples was 1420–1550&#xa0;MPa. High scanning speeds led to incomplete melting defects, whereas low scanning speeds resulted in crack defects. Additionally, finite element simulation was employed to elucidate the defect formation mechanisms in H13 steel produced via LPBF process. We developed optimal parameters for LPBF of H13 steel, achieving a relative density of 99.8% in the prepared samples. The analysis indicated that crack formation primarily resulted from stress concentration at grain boundaries. Furthermore, the samples comprised α-Fe phase and a minor amount of retained γ-Fe austenite phase, facilitated by high solidification rates and low residual stress. In conclusion, optimizing LPBF manufacturing process for H13 steel requires considering both the impact of parameters on defect formation and the influence of the forming process on martensite and retained austenite.</p>

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Forming process study of laser power bed fusion H13 steel by finite element simulation and experiment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月30日

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  • Yu-hua Deng,
  • Jian-yong Wang,
  • Liang-liang Zhang,
  • Ji-lie Zhu,
  • Ying-kang Wei,
  • Wei Liu,
  • Li-xiong Han,
  • Zhuo-ran Shi,
  • Yao-Jia Ren,
  • Shu-feng Yang,
  • Shi-feng Liu

摘要

The molten pool size, residual stress and defects of H13 steel prepared by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) under various process parameters were investigated. The residual stress range for both defective and crack-free samples was 1420–1550 MPa. High scanning speeds led to incomplete melting defects, whereas low scanning speeds resulted in crack defects. Additionally, finite element simulation was employed to elucidate the defect formation mechanisms in H13 steel produced via LPBF process. We developed optimal parameters for LPBF of H13 steel, achieving a relative density of 99.8% in the prepared samples. The analysis indicated that crack formation primarily resulted from stress concentration at grain boundaries. Furthermore, the samples comprised α-Fe phase and a minor amount of retained γ-Fe austenite phase, facilitated by high solidification rates and low residual stress. In conclusion, optimizing LPBF manufacturing process for H13 steel requires considering both the impact of parameters on defect formation and the influence of the forming process on martensite and retained austenite.