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<p>Fungal pathogens causing rot symptoms lead to significant losses in potato tubers. This study assessed the effects of a sustainable and circular agricultural model on tuber disease severity and the associated fungal pathobiota. Conducted in Central Italy in 2023 as part of a planned long-term field trial, the research compared two conservative tillage techniques (subsoiling, spading) versus conventional ploughing, combined with organic fertilization using compost versus mineral fertilizer. Tubers sampled from plots treated with compost exhibited significantly less rot compared to those receiving mineral fertilizer, with the lowest disease incidence observed when compost was combined with spading tillage. Pathobiota analysis identified the hot-tolerant pathogen <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i> as one of the predominant causes of the observed tuber rot, potentially representing its first documented report as a potato tuber rot agent in Italy. <i>Fusarium brachygibbosum</i> and <i>F. equiseti</i> were also prevalent among identified <i>Fusarium</i> species. Alongside pathogens, the recorded pathobiota featured beneficial fungi with antagonistic and growth-promoting potential, most abundantly <i>Linnemannia elongata</i>,<i> Trichoderma gamsii</i>, and <i>Mortierella alpina</i>. A clear dichotomy between pathogenic and beneficial fungal frequencies emerged related to treatments. Organic fertilization, particularly with spading, correlated with reduced levels of <i>M. phaseolina</i> and <i>A. alternata</i> and increased frequencies of beneficial <i>T. gamsii</i> and <i>M. alpina</i>. Spading also decreased the frequency of <i>F. brachygibbosum</i> and increased that of <i>L. elongata</i>. These findings demonstrate that sustainable and circular agronomic strategies under climate change, particularly organic fertilization combined with spading, hold potential to actively reshape the potato tuber pathobiota, favouring beneficial microorganisms over pathogens.</p>

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Potato tuber rot pathobiota as affected by sustainable agronomic measures under climate change in a Mediterranean environment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月30日

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  • Alessia Catalani,
  • Merima Jasarevic,
  • Carmen Morales-Rodríguez,
  • Roberto Mancinelli,
  • Gabriele Chilosi

摘要

Fungal pathogens causing rot symptoms lead to significant losses in potato tubers. This study assessed the effects of a sustainable and circular agricultural model on tuber disease severity and the associated fungal pathobiota. Conducted in Central Italy in 2023 as part of a planned long-term field trial, the research compared two conservative tillage techniques (subsoiling, spading) versus conventional ploughing, combined with organic fertilization using compost versus mineral fertilizer. Tubers sampled from plots treated with compost exhibited significantly less rot compared to those receiving mineral fertilizer, with the lowest disease incidence observed when compost was combined with spading tillage. Pathobiota analysis identified the hot-tolerant pathogen Macrophomina phaseolina as one of the predominant causes of the observed tuber rot, potentially representing its first documented report as a potato tuber rot agent in Italy. Fusarium brachygibbosum and F. equiseti were also prevalent among identified Fusarium species. Alongside pathogens, the recorded pathobiota featured beneficial fungi with antagonistic and growth-promoting potential, most abundantly Linnemannia elongata, Trichoderma gamsii, and Mortierella alpina. A clear dichotomy between pathogenic and beneficial fungal frequencies emerged related to treatments. Organic fertilization, particularly with spading, correlated with reduced levels of M. phaseolina and A. alternata and increased frequencies of beneficial T. gamsii and M. alpina. Spading also decreased the frequency of F. brachygibbosum and increased that of L. elongata. These findings demonstrate that sustainable and circular agronomic strategies under climate change, particularly organic fertilization combined with spading, hold potential to actively reshape the potato tuber pathobiota, favouring beneficial microorganisms over pathogens.