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<p>The soil-borne disease known as Fusarium wilt of tomato, caused by <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>lycopersici</i> (FOL), poses a threat to tomato production worldwide due to its destructive effects. The purpose of this study was to determine whether <i>Trichoderma</i> spp., when combined with sodium silicate, is effective for integrated management of the disease under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Ten <i>Trichoderma</i> isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere soil. Among these, <i>T. virens</i> (KABOFA1) and <i>T. longibrachiatum</i> (KABOFA4) demonstrated the most effective antagonism against FOL, inhibiting myeclia growth by over 70% in vitro. At high concentration, sodium silicate significantly inhibited FOL growth of, with 10 mM reducing linear growth by over 80%. According greenhouse experiments, the infected control plants had the lowest biomass (shoot fresh weight 2.47&#xa0;g, shoot dry weight 1.20&#xa0;g, and root dry weight 0.13&#xa0;g). The combined treatments of <i>T. virens</i> and sodium silicate, on the other hand, increased in shoot fresh weight of 6.90&#xa0;g (179%) and shoot dry weight of 2.55&#xa0;g (112%), In comparison <i>T. harzianum</i> resulted in a significant improvement in root biomass (0.32&#xa0;g, 146% higher than the control). As a result of individual treatments, the disease severity was reduced to 53–57%, and to 43% when <i>T. virens</i> was combined with sodium silicate, representing the most effective suppression. The disease severity reached 92% in untreated controls. The results of the biochemical analyses indicated that the treated plants exhibited increased peroxidase activity (3.14&#xa0;µg/mg protein compared to 2.15 in the control group) and higher levels of phenolic compounds (3.95&#xa0;µg/mg protein compared to 3.10 in the control group). The results of this study demonstrate that the combination of <i>Trichoderma</i> spp. and sodium silicate provides a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides for managing of tomato Fusarium wilt.</p>

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Synergistic effects of Trichoderma spp. and sodium silicate against Fusarium wilt of tomato: in vitro and greenhouse evaluation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月24日

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  • Kamal A. M. Abo-Elyousr,
  • Najeeb M. Almasoudi,
  • Magdi A. A. Mousa,
  • Omer H. M. Ibrahim,
  • Mansour M. El-Fawy,
  • Muhammad Imran,
  • Nashwa M. A. Sallam

摘要

The soil-borne disease known as Fusarium wilt of tomato, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), poses a threat to tomato production worldwide due to its destructive effects. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Trichoderma spp., when combined with sodium silicate, is effective for integrated management of the disease under both laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Ten Trichoderma isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere soil. Among these, T. virens (KABOFA1) and T. longibrachiatum (KABOFA4) demonstrated the most effective antagonism against FOL, inhibiting myeclia growth by over 70% in vitro. At high concentration, sodium silicate significantly inhibited FOL growth of, with 10 mM reducing linear growth by over 80%. According greenhouse experiments, the infected control plants had the lowest biomass (shoot fresh weight 2.47 g, shoot dry weight 1.20 g, and root dry weight 0.13 g). The combined treatments of T. virens and sodium silicate, on the other hand, increased in shoot fresh weight of 6.90 g (179%) and shoot dry weight of 2.55 g (112%), In comparison T. harzianum resulted in a significant improvement in root biomass (0.32 g, 146% higher than the control). As a result of individual treatments, the disease severity was reduced to 53–57%, and to 43% when T. virens was combined with sodium silicate, representing the most effective suppression. The disease severity reached 92% in untreated controls. The results of the biochemical analyses indicated that the treated plants exhibited increased peroxidase activity (3.14 µg/mg protein compared to 2.15 in the control group) and higher levels of phenolic compounds (3.95 µg/mg protein compared to 3.10 in the control group). The results of this study demonstrate that the combination of Trichoderma spp. and sodium silicate provides a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides for managing of tomato Fusarium wilt.