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<p><i>Pythium myriotylum</i>, an oomycete pathogen, is responsible for causing damping-off disease in chili, leading to the failure of seed emergence. Various agrochemicals are used to control this disease, but these chemicals may harm the environment. With the advancements in nanotechnology, nanoparticle-formulation is expected to increase the efficacy of fungicidal substances, promoting sustainable agriculture. This study tested the inhibitory activity of <i>Ailanthus altissima</i> leaf extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (AL-AgNPs) on <i>P. myriotylum</i>. The AL-AgNPs were predominantly spherical with an average size of 45&#xa0;nm, and their inhibitory activity on the mycelium growth of <i>P. myriotylum</i> was tested at concentrations of 15, 20, and 25&#xa0;mg/L using in vitro in Petri plates and a greenhouse assay on chili leaflets. In in vitro assay, AL-AgNPs inhibited the pathogen’s growth by 93.90%, 94.65%, and 95.04% at concentrations of 15, 20, and 25&#xa0;mg/L, respectively. Similarly, in greenhouse experiment, AL-AgNPs effectively controlled the growth of <i>P. myriotylum</i> on chili leaves, resulting in 92.79 ± 1.33% inhibition at 25&#xa0;mg/L. AL-AgNPs offer a convenient, cost-effective, and alternative to conventional synthetic fungicides. The green synthetic AgNPs exhibit potent antifungal properties, with applications in biomedicine and agriculture.</p>

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Silver nanoparticle-formulate of an Ailanthus altissima leaf extract as an effective fungicide against Pythium myriotylum, a causative agent of damping off of chili

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Urooj Bashir,
  • Ansar Mehmood,
  • Abd ur Rehman Khalid,
  • Muhammad Abdul Rauf Khan,
  • Khawaja Shafique Ahmad,
  • Javaria Khatoon,
  • Nayla Haneef,
  • Muhammad Raffi

摘要

Pythium myriotylum, an oomycete pathogen, is responsible for causing damping-off disease in chili, leading to the failure of seed emergence. Various agrochemicals are used to control this disease, but these chemicals may harm the environment. With the advancements in nanotechnology, nanoparticle-formulation is expected to increase the efficacy of fungicidal substances, promoting sustainable agriculture. This study tested the inhibitory activity of Ailanthus altissima leaf extract-mediated silver nanoparticles (AL-AgNPs) on P. myriotylum. The AL-AgNPs were predominantly spherical with an average size of 45 nm, and their inhibitory activity on the mycelium growth of P. myriotylum was tested at concentrations of 15, 20, and 25 mg/L using in vitro in Petri plates and a greenhouse assay on chili leaflets. In in vitro assay, AL-AgNPs inhibited the pathogen’s growth by 93.90%, 94.65%, and 95.04% at concentrations of 15, 20, and 25 mg/L, respectively. Similarly, in greenhouse experiment, AL-AgNPs effectively controlled the growth of P. myriotylum on chili leaves, resulting in 92.79 ± 1.33% inhibition at 25 mg/L. AL-AgNPs offer a convenient, cost-effective, and alternative to conventional synthetic fungicides. The green synthetic AgNPs exhibit potent antifungal properties, with applications in biomedicine and agriculture.