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<p>Biological control presents a compelling alternative for managing groundnut stem rot caused by <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i>, yet its limited adaptability necessitates synergistic consortia to enhance efficacy. In this context, the in vitro confrontation tests with thirty bioagents against <i>S. rolfsii</i> discerned three fungal (T19007–80%, T19012–69%, T19015–83%) and three bacterial (PGP1–60%, PGP2–59%, PGP13–73%) isolates with pronounced suppressive capabilities. Additionally, both volatile and non-volatile metabolites produced by these six isolates exhibited significant inhibitory activity toward <i>S. rolfsii</i>. Molecular characterization confirmed the potential fungal isolates as <i>Trichoderma asperellum</i> (<i>Ta</i>) and <i>T. harzianum</i> (<i>Th</i>), while the bacterial isolates as <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> (<i>Bs</i>). The best combination from the compatibility tests among and between potential bacterial and fungal antagonists were selected for greenhouse trials through talc-based formulations. Compared to individual bioagents, the consortia treatments demonstrated greater effectiveness in disease prevention. The fungal consortium comprising (<i>Ta</i> + <i>Th</i>) surpassed the efficacy of conventional fungicidal treatment (82%) and demonstrated superior phytopathogenic suppression (86%) compared to other compatible biocontrol combinations (<i>Ta</i> + <i>Bs</i>, <i>Ta + Ta</i> and <i>Bs + Bs</i>). Moreover, the <i>Ta + Th</i> consortium significantly enhanced plant vigour, as demonstrated by enhanced seed germination (93%), elongated shoot stature (37.17&#xa0;cm), extended root length (27.00&#xa0;cm) and augmented nodule formation (82 nodules) thereby conferring a pronounced agronomic superiority. Additionally, The study further delineated the comparative effectiveness of combined seed treatment and soil inoculation with biocontrol agents, which significantly outperformed standalone seed treatment in mitigating disease incidence.</p>

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Unveiling the synergistic antimicrobial compatibility of fungal and bacterial bioagents against Sclerotium rolfsii in groundnut

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月21日

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  • V. Vasanthi,
  • P. Kishore Varma,
  • V. Chandrasekhar,
  • Ch. Sreenivasa Rao,
  • K. K. Chetan,
  • G. Vamsi Krishna

摘要

Biological control presents a compelling alternative for managing groundnut stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, yet its limited adaptability necessitates synergistic consortia to enhance efficacy. In this context, the in vitro confrontation tests with thirty bioagents against S. rolfsii discerned three fungal (T19007–80%, T19012–69%, T19015–83%) and three bacterial (PGP1–60%, PGP2–59%, PGP13–73%) isolates with pronounced suppressive capabilities. Additionally, both volatile and non-volatile metabolites produced by these six isolates exhibited significant inhibitory activity toward S. rolfsii. Molecular characterization confirmed the potential fungal isolates as Trichoderma asperellum (Ta) and T. harzianum (Th), while the bacterial isolates as Bacillus subtilis (Bs). The best combination from the compatibility tests among and between potential bacterial and fungal antagonists were selected for greenhouse trials through talc-based formulations. Compared to individual bioagents, the consortia treatments demonstrated greater effectiveness in disease prevention. The fungal consortium comprising (Ta + Th) surpassed the efficacy of conventional fungicidal treatment (82%) and demonstrated superior phytopathogenic suppression (86%) compared to other compatible biocontrol combinations (Ta + Bs, Ta + Ta and Bs + Bs). Moreover, the Ta + Th consortium significantly enhanced plant vigour, as demonstrated by enhanced seed germination (93%), elongated shoot stature (37.17 cm), extended root length (27.00 cm) and augmented nodule formation (82 nodules) thereby conferring a pronounced agronomic superiority. Additionally, The study further delineated the comparative effectiveness of combined seed treatment and soil inoculation with biocontrol agents, which significantly outperformed standalone seed treatment in mitigating disease incidence.