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<p><i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. <i>syringae</i> (<i>Pss</i>) is a destructive plant pathogen that causes significant losses in economically valuable monocot and dicot crops worldwide, utilizing a variety of pathogenicity factors. In response, plants activate defense genes, including those responsible for producing camalexin, the primary phytoalexin in Arabidopsis thaliana, which enhances resistance to disease. This study analyzed the pathogenicity genes in <i>Pss</i> isolates and examined the activation of the <i>pad3</i> gene, which triggers camalexin production, in response to various <i>Pss</i> strains. Using relative real-time PCR, <i>pad3</i> expression was measured at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48&#xa0;h post-inoculation in <i>A</i>. <i>thaliana</i> leaves. The pathogenicity genes varied among strains, with <i>syrB</i> present in all strains, while <i>syrD</i>, <i>sypA</i>, and <i>sypB</i> were detected only in certain strains. The nit gene was unique to strain P5, ach was found in both strains P5 and W3, and <i>hrmA</i> was exclusive to W3. Distinct patterns of <i>pad3</i> expression emerged: strain P8 induced an initial increase at 6&#xa0;h, a reduction at 12&#xa0;h, and another increase at 24&#xa0;h. Strain W3 initially reduced pad3 expression at 6&#xa0;h, followed by a sharp increase at 12&#xa0;h. Strain P5 induced a approximately 2.5-fold increase at 12&#xa0;h compared to the control. These findings reveal that different <i>Pss</i> strains elicit distinct pad3 expression responses in <i>A</i>. <i>thaliana</i>, indicating strain-specific host-pathogen interactions. Further research is needed to elucidate these mechanisms and develop innovative disease control strategies.</p>

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Expression of the PAD3 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) in response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strains with varying pathogenicity genes

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Rasool Rezaei,
  • S. Mohsen Taghavi,
  • Ali Niazi

摘要

Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (Pss) is a destructive plant pathogen that causes significant losses in economically valuable monocot and dicot crops worldwide, utilizing a variety of pathogenicity factors. In response, plants activate defense genes, including those responsible for producing camalexin, the primary phytoalexin in Arabidopsis thaliana, which enhances resistance to disease. This study analyzed the pathogenicity genes in Pss isolates and examined the activation of the pad3 gene, which triggers camalexin production, in response to various Pss strains. Using relative real-time PCR, pad3 expression was measured at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-inoculation in A. thaliana leaves. The pathogenicity genes varied among strains, with syrB present in all strains, while syrD, sypA, and sypB were detected only in certain strains. The nit gene was unique to strain P5, ach was found in both strains P5 and W3, and hrmA was exclusive to W3. Distinct patterns of pad3 expression emerged: strain P8 induced an initial increase at 6 h, a reduction at 12 h, and another increase at 24 h. Strain W3 initially reduced pad3 expression at 6 h, followed by a sharp increase at 12 h. Strain P5 induced a approximately 2.5-fold increase at 12 h compared to the control. These findings reveal that different Pss strains elicit distinct pad3 expression responses in A. thaliana, indicating strain-specific host-pathogen interactions. Further research is needed to elucidate these mechanisms and develop innovative disease control strategies.