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<p>Fungal plant pathogens are a major cause of loss and waste of fruits and vegetables. Microbial biocontrol agents may reduce postharvest spoilage while mitigating drawbacks of other current methods. The present study evaluated the effects of 22 bacterial antagonists from the genera <i>Arthrobacter</i>, <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Brevibacillus</i>,<i> Pseudomonas</i>, and <i>Rummeliibacillus</i> on the growth of <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, <i>Alternaria solani</i>, and <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> as well as the reduction of Alternaria rot and grey mold of tomato fruit. Additional work tested cell-free culture filtrates and characterized antimicrobial compound production in the most effective bacterial isolates. Results showed <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> B9-5, <i>Pseudomonas arsenicoxydans</i> F9-7, <i>Pseudomonas brenneri</i> F9-10, <i>Arthrobacter humicola</i> M9-1A and <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> M9-1B had the highest efficacy against the three fungal pathogens both in vitro and in vivo. Cell-free culture filtrates reduced mold growth, although the efficacy of the antagonist varied according to the tested fungal pathogen. These findings suggest antibiosis i.e., the production of antimicrobial compounds as a primary mode of action of these bacterial isolates. <i>B. subtilis</i>, but not <i>B. megaterium</i> produced numerous homologs of the fengycin, iturin and surfactin families of antimicrobial compounds. These bacterial antagonists may offer an alternative means of controlling Alternaria rot and grey mold on tomato fruit.</p>

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Reduction of postharvest fungal spoilage of tomato fruit using bacterial antagonists

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月2日

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  • Hailey R. Graham,
  • Jonathan Ononiwu,
  • Sydney Massine,
  • Jason Lafontaine,
  • Tyler J. Avis

摘要

Fungal plant pathogens are a major cause of loss and waste of fruits and vegetables. Microbial biocontrol agents may reduce postharvest spoilage while mitigating drawbacks of other current methods. The present study evaluated the effects of 22 bacterial antagonists from the genera Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Pseudomonas, and Rummeliibacillus on the growth of Alternaria alternata, Alternaria solani, and Botrytis cinerea as well as the reduction of Alternaria rot and grey mold of tomato fruit. Additional work tested cell-free culture filtrates and characterized antimicrobial compound production in the most effective bacterial isolates. Results showed Bacillus subtilis B9-5, Pseudomonas arsenicoxydans F9-7, Pseudomonas brenneri F9-10, Arthrobacter humicola M9-1A and Bacillus megaterium M9-1B had the highest efficacy against the three fungal pathogens both in vitro and in vivo. Cell-free culture filtrates reduced mold growth, although the efficacy of the antagonist varied according to the tested fungal pathogen. These findings suggest antibiosis i.e., the production of antimicrobial compounds as a primary mode of action of these bacterial isolates. B. subtilis, but not B. megaterium produced numerous homologs of the fengycin, iturin and surfactin families of antimicrobial compounds. These bacterial antagonists may offer an alternative means of controlling Alternaria rot and grey mold on tomato fruit.