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<p>Downy mildew (<i>Pseudoperonospora cubensis</i>) is a menace to the cucumber growers and mitigation of this dreaded disease necessitates multiple synthetic pesticide applications, often leading toxic residue issues and environmental as well as health hazards. Spectral imaging is a modern approach for early detection of various stress hotspots that can help us to mitigate those issues very promptly. Plant pathogens caused different biochemical and histopathological modifications inside the infected host plants with advancement of the disease development. Different vegetative indices based on the changes in the dynamics of the spectral responses with disease progression was used to determine the stress issues in early phases of infection non-destructively. In our study ten different vegetative indices and 2 interactive indices were correlated with different biochemical parameters (total chlorophyll, total carbohydrate and carotenoids) at different disease progression stages (Light Green/LG, Light Yellow/LY, Deep Yellow/DY, Yellow &amp; Necrotic/Y &amp; N, and Necrotic/N). When correlated with total chlorophyll concentration, PRI (Photochemical reflectance index) gave R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.896 and 0.861 in all disease progression stages and early diseased stages (LG, LY, DY) respectively, and RSI (Ratio spectral index) 3 gave R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.785 in early disease progression stages. The R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.862 was obtained when correlation between PRI with dynamics of carotenoids at early phases of disease progression was done. Total carbohydrate concentration dynamics yielded less R<sup>2</sup> value with examined vegetative indices except RSI 2 and NDSI (Normalized difference spectral indices) 3 in early phases with R<sup>2</sup> of 0.512. Thus, the selected vegetative indices may be interlinked for non-destructive way of early detection and interventions of cucumber downy mildew disease for effective and early hotspot-specific management operations. This prototype study has wide scope in disease assessment through advanced techniques which can be directly applied or appropriately modified for the benefit of cucumber growers, breeders and scientific research purposes.</p>

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Spectral insights into symptom development and biochemical changes during the advancement of cucumber downy mildew disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月25日

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  • S. Mukhopadhyay,
  • K. Kundu,
  • M.K. Nanda,
  • S.N. Mandal,
  • K. Mukherjee,
  • A. Roy Barman,
  • S. Dutta

摘要

Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) is a menace to the cucumber growers and mitigation of this dreaded disease necessitates multiple synthetic pesticide applications, often leading toxic residue issues and environmental as well as health hazards. Spectral imaging is a modern approach for early detection of various stress hotspots that can help us to mitigate those issues very promptly. Plant pathogens caused different biochemical and histopathological modifications inside the infected host plants with advancement of the disease development. Different vegetative indices based on the changes in the dynamics of the spectral responses with disease progression was used to determine the stress issues in early phases of infection non-destructively. In our study ten different vegetative indices and 2 interactive indices were correlated with different biochemical parameters (total chlorophyll, total carbohydrate and carotenoids) at different disease progression stages (Light Green/LG, Light Yellow/LY, Deep Yellow/DY, Yellow & Necrotic/Y & N, and Necrotic/N). When correlated with total chlorophyll concentration, PRI (Photochemical reflectance index) gave R2 value of 0.896 and 0.861 in all disease progression stages and early diseased stages (LG, LY, DY) respectively, and RSI (Ratio spectral index) 3 gave R2 value of 0.785 in early disease progression stages. The R2 value of 0.862 was obtained when correlation between PRI with dynamics of carotenoids at early phases of disease progression was done. Total carbohydrate concentration dynamics yielded less R2 value with examined vegetative indices except RSI 2 and NDSI (Normalized difference spectral indices) 3 in early phases with R2 of 0.512. Thus, the selected vegetative indices may be interlinked for non-destructive way of early detection and interventions of cucumber downy mildew disease for effective and early hotspot-specific management operations. This prototype study has wide scope in disease assessment through advanced techniques which can be directly applied or appropriately modified for the benefit of cucumber growers, breeders and scientific research purposes.