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<p>The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for durable and highly effective virucidal materials. This study presents a breakthrough by integrating Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O–TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalysts into widely used polymer matrices, such as silicone, polypropylene, and air filters, to achieve sustained antiviral functionality with practical applicability. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on the antiviral efficacy of Cu-based photocatalysts, our study provides atomic-level insights into the regeneration of virucidal Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O (<i>x</i> &gt; 1) on TiO<sub>2</sub>, strongly influenced by the local atomic structures of Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O, particularly when Cu exhibits a low Cu–O coordination number (~ 3), as confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This regeneration process is essential for high virucidal performance via interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) mechanisms. Our results show that Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O–TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalysts achieve an 8.67-ln reduction in viral activity within just 3&#xa0;min of visible light exposure (<i>λ</i> &gt; 400&#xa0;nm). Furthermore, by optimizing the incorporation of Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O–TiO<sub>2</sub> materials, we demonstrate that antiviral functionality is maintained in polymer matrices through strategic positioning of the photocatalysts near the surface. This ensures Cu<sub><i>x</i></sub>O–TiO<sub>2</sub> remains accessible to light and reactants while maintaining strong polymer adhesion, which is critical for mechanical stability and durability. Not only does this polymer composite exhibit effective virucidal performance (4.28-ln reduction within 30&#xa0;min), but it also ensures sustained performance (99.1% of its initial performance after 3 weeks under ambient conditions). These findings highlight the scalability and practical potential of these materials for consumer applications, significantly contributing to public health by reducing virus transmission.</p>

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Sustained virucidal functionality in practical-scale polymer matrices enabled by visible light-responsive CuxO–TiO2 photocatalyst

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Yujin Lee,
  • Kanghyun Lee,
  • Junhyeop Shin,
  • Seyoung Choi,
  • Seyeon Kim,
  • Geon Woo Kim,
  • Abraham Seo,
  • Jeong Woo Han,
  • Tae Yong Kim,
  • Inho Nam,
  • Soomin Park

摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgent need for durable and highly effective virucidal materials. This study presents a breakthrough by integrating CuxO–TiO2 photocatalysts into widely used polymer matrices, such as silicone, polypropylene, and air filters, to achieve sustained antiviral functionality with practical applicability. Unlike previous studies that primarily focused on the antiviral efficacy of Cu-based photocatalysts, our study provides atomic-level insights into the regeneration of virucidal CuxO (x > 1) on TiO2, strongly influenced by the local atomic structures of CuxO, particularly when Cu exhibits a low Cu–O coordination number (~ 3), as confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy. This regeneration process is essential for high virucidal performance via interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) mechanisms. Our results show that CuxO–TiO2 photocatalysts achieve an 8.67-ln reduction in viral activity within just 3 min of visible light exposure (λ > 400 nm). Furthermore, by optimizing the incorporation of CuxO–TiO2 materials, we demonstrate that antiviral functionality is maintained in polymer matrices through strategic positioning of the photocatalysts near the surface. This ensures CuxO–TiO2 remains accessible to light and reactants while maintaining strong polymer adhesion, which is critical for mechanical stability and durability. Not only does this polymer composite exhibit effective virucidal performance (4.28-ln reduction within 30 min), but it also ensures sustained performance (99.1% of its initial performance after 3 weeks under ambient conditions). These findings highlight the scalability and practical potential of these materials for consumer applications, significantly contributing to public health by reducing virus transmission.