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<p>The increasing demand for high-performance and durable concretes has led to the exploration of mineral admixtures and fibers as sustainable alternatives to conventional cement-based systems. This study focuses on optimizing the mechanical and impact properties of basalt fiber–reinforced high-performance concrete incorporating ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was adopted with three factors GGBS (0–40%), SF (0–20%), and basalt fiber (0–0.6%) to analyze their individual and interactive effects on compressive, splitting tensile, flexural strengths, and impact energy. The 28-day strengths reached 74.58&#xa0;MPa (compressive), 7.54&#xa0;MPa (tensile), and 11.80&#xa0;MPa (flexural), while impact energy improved to 11.65 kN-m. RSM contour analysis revealed strong nonlinear interactions, with the optimum range of 25 to 35% GGBS, 10 to 15% SF, and 0.4 to 0.5% fiber achieving superior performance. ANOVA confirmed model adequacy (R² = 0.95 to 0.98) with low variability and non-significant lack-of-fit. Multi-response optimization using the desirability approach (0.926) identified 21.22% GGBS, 14.14% SF, and 0.4549% fiber as the best combination, predicting 72.45&#xa0;MPa compressive strength and 10.32 kN-m impact energy. The findings highlight that RSM-based design provides an efficient pathway for developing sustainable, high-performance concrete with reduced cement usage and enhanced strength–ductility balance.</p>

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Multi response optimization of basalt fiber reinforced high performance concrete incorporating GGBS and silica fume using response surface methodology

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月25日

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  • P. A. Sudam,
  • U. R. Darla,
  • M. K. R. Gaddam,
  • G. Himala Kumari,
  • V. R. N. Perumalla,
  • M. Sai Babu,
  • C. V. Bharathi,
  • Tejeswara Rao Maganti

摘要

The increasing demand for high-performance and durable concretes has led to the exploration of mineral admixtures and fibers as sustainable alternatives to conventional cement-based systems. This study focuses on optimizing the mechanical and impact properties of basalt fiber–reinforced high-performance concrete incorporating ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and silica fume (SF) using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was adopted with three factors GGBS (0–40%), SF (0–20%), and basalt fiber (0–0.6%) to analyze their individual and interactive effects on compressive, splitting tensile, flexural strengths, and impact energy. The 28-day strengths reached 74.58 MPa (compressive), 7.54 MPa (tensile), and 11.80 MPa (flexural), while impact energy improved to 11.65 kN-m. RSM contour analysis revealed strong nonlinear interactions, with the optimum range of 25 to 35% GGBS, 10 to 15% SF, and 0.4 to 0.5% fiber achieving superior performance. ANOVA confirmed model adequacy (R² = 0.95 to 0.98) with low variability and non-significant lack-of-fit. Multi-response optimization using the desirability approach (0.926) identified 21.22% GGBS, 14.14% SF, and 0.4549% fiber as the best combination, predicting 72.45 MPa compressive strength and 10.32 kN-m impact energy. The findings highlight that RSM-based design provides an efficient pathway for developing sustainable, high-performance concrete with reduced cement usage and enhanced strength–ductility balance.