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<p>This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of M30-grade precast concrete using Graphene Oxide (GO) as a nanomaterial additive. A total of nine concrete mixes were prepared by incorporating GO in dosages ranging from 0.00% to 0.09% by weight of cement. Standard mix design was conducted as per IS 10262:2019, while fresh, strength, and durability properties were evaluated through slump, compaction, compressive strength, tensile and flexural strength, RCPT, sulphate attack, and water absorption tests. Microstructural analysis was performed using SEM, XRD, and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP). Results revealed that the optimal dosage of GO (0.05%) significantly improved 28-day compressive strength (46.9&#xa0;MPa), reduced RCPT (2495&#xa0;C), and minimized porosity (10.9%). A second-order polynomial regression model using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was developed to predict compressive strength based on GO content and curing time. Furthermore, a Python-based NSGA-III algorithm was employed to identify Pareto-optimal solutions considering strength, durability, and cost trade-offs. Statistical tests (t-test, ANOVA) confirmed the significance of GO incorporation. The study concludes that 0.05% GO offers the best performance-cost balance, making it a promising additive for precast applications targeting early strength and sustainability.</p>

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Enhancing strength, durability, and microstructure of reinforced graphene cement concrete through experimental evaluation and multi-objective optimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月22日

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  • Shashank Gupta,
  • Vimal Kumar Gupta,
  • Swapnil Rai

摘要

This study investigates the enhancement of mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of M30-grade precast concrete using Graphene Oxide (GO) as a nanomaterial additive. A total of nine concrete mixes were prepared by incorporating GO in dosages ranging from 0.00% to 0.09% by weight of cement. Standard mix design was conducted as per IS 10262:2019, while fresh, strength, and durability properties were evaluated through slump, compaction, compressive strength, tensile and flexural strength, RCPT, sulphate attack, and water absorption tests. Microstructural analysis was performed using SEM, XRD, and Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry (MIP). Results revealed that the optimal dosage of GO (0.05%) significantly improved 28-day compressive strength (46.9 MPa), reduced RCPT (2495 C), and minimized porosity (10.9%). A second-order polynomial regression model using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was developed to predict compressive strength based on GO content and curing time. Furthermore, a Python-based NSGA-III algorithm was employed to identify Pareto-optimal solutions considering strength, durability, and cost trade-offs. Statistical tests (t-test, ANOVA) confirmed the significance of GO incorporation. The study concludes that 0.05% GO offers the best performance-cost balance, making it a promising additive for precast applications targeting early strength and sustainability.