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<p>This study investigates the synergistic use of Waste Glass Powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for fine aggregate and Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) as a substitute for natural coarse aggregate in M30 grade concrete, with combined replacement levels ranging from 0 to 50% by weight. The objective is to enhance concrete sustainability by utilizing municipal glass waste and construction and demolition debris. A comprehensive experimental program evaluated fresh properties (slump, density), mechanical strengths (compressive, split tensile, flexural), and durability characteristics (chloride ion penetration, water absorption, shrinkage, and water permeability), alongside microstructural observations using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that a 30% combined replacement yields optimal performance: compressive strength of 42.5&#xa0;MPa, tensile strength of 5.5&#xa0;MPa, and flexural strength of 7.35&#xa0;MPa at 90&#xa0;days—each surpassing or matching the control mix. Durability assessments confirmed acceptable chloride resistance, with chloride-ion penetration depths of 11.7&#xa0;mm and RCPT values remaining low at approximately 30.1 Coulombs. SEM analysis revealed a densified matrix and improved interfacial transition zone (ITZ) bonding at this replacement level, driven by WGP’s pozzolanic reactivity. These findings establish that incorporating up to 30% WGP and RCA in concrete offers a technically viable and environmentally responsible solution for sustainable construction applications without compromising mechanical or durability performance.</p>

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Synergistic use of recycled aggregates and waste glass powder for sustainable concrete: mechanical properties, durability performance, and microstructural insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月15日

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  • Sunil Thakur,
  • Umesh Jhakal,
  • Pradyut Anand,
  • Priyam Nath Bhowmik

摘要

This study investigates the synergistic use of Waste Glass Powder (WGP) as a partial replacement for fine aggregate and Recycled Coarse Aggregate (RCA) as a substitute for natural coarse aggregate in M30 grade concrete, with combined replacement levels ranging from 0 to 50% by weight. The objective is to enhance concrete sustainability by utilizing municipal glass waste and construction and demolition debris. A comprehensive experimental program evaluated fresh properties (slump, density), mechanical strengths (compressive, split tensile, flexural), and durability characteristics (chloride ion penetration, water absorption, shrinkage, and water permeability), alongside microstructural observations using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results demonstrate that a 30% combined replacement yields optimal performance: compressive strength of 42.5 MPa, tensile strength of 5.5 MPa, and flexural strength of 7.35 MPa at 90 days—each surpassing or matching the control mix. Durability assessments confirmed acceptable chloride resistance, with chloride-ion penetration depths of 11.7 mm and RCPT values remaining low at approximately 30.1 Coulombs. SEM analysis revealed a densified matrix and improved interfacial transition zone (ITZ) bonding at this replacement level, driven by WGP’s pozzolanic reactivity. These findings establish that incorporating up to 30% WGP and RCA in concrete offers a technically viable and environmentally responsible solution for sustainable construction applications without compromising mechanical or durability performance.