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<p>The rapid growth of urbanization and the construction industry has led to increased consumption of natural resources, resulting in significant environmental impacts. This study explores the use of three locally available waste materials to develop sodium- and potassium-based alkali-activated binders. Granite dust was employed as an alternative to river sand, with replacement levels ranging from 0 to 50%, and optimized for performance. Additionally, palm oil fuel ash (POFA) was utilized as a source material, replacing slag at levels of 10% to 30% in a control mix, activated using NaOH &amp; Na₂SiO₃ and KOH &amp; K₂SiO₃ under both heat curing at 65&#xa0;°C and ambient curing conditions. The mechanical and durability properties like compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity and resistance to acids with influence of the activator, and microstructural characteristics of the binders were thoroughly analyzed. The temperatures effects of specimens were clearly analyzed and the heat cured specimens gives the 25% of lesser strength than the ambient cured AAB irrespective of activator. In both sodium and potassium based alkali activated binders. K-Nearest Neighbors and artificial neural networks were used to forecast the alkali-activated mortar’s compressive strength. Metrics used for performance evaluation, such as the coefficient of determination R<sup>2</sup> and RMSE, showed that the ANN model produced better predictions. For sodium-based activators, ANN produced an RMSE of 0.174 and an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.96 under ambient curing conditions, while KNN produced an RMSE of 0.154 and an R<sup>2</sup> value of 0.158. The findings highlight the potential use of waste materials, such as POFA, granite dust and slag in the creation of eco-friendly and high-performance alkali-activated binders.</p>

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Machine learning modelling for strength prediction and durability investigation of alkali activated binders with POFA and granite dust

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月27日

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  • Mehar Sai Komaragiri,
  • Subhani Shaik,
  • Santhosh Kumar Gedela,
  • Sk M. Subhani

摘要

The rapid growth of urbanization and the construction industry has led to increased consumption of natural resources, resulting in significant environmental impacts. This study explores the use of three locally available waste materials to develop sodium- and potassium-based alkali-activated binders. Granite dust was employed as an alternative to river sand, with replacement levels ranging from 0 to 50%, and optimized for performance. Additionally, palm oil fuel ash (POFA) was utilized as a source material, replacing slag at levels of 10% to 30% in a control mix, activated using NaOH & Na₂SiO₃ and KOH & K₂SiO₃ under both heat curing at 65 °C and ambient curing conditions. The mechanical and durability properties like compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity and resistance to acids with influence of the activator, and microstructural characteristics of the binders were thoroughly analyzed. The temperatures effects of specimens were clearly analyzed and the heat cured specimens gives the 25% of lesser strength than the ambient cured AAB irrespective of activator. In both sodium and potassium based alkali activated binders. K-Nearest Neighbors and artificial neural networks were used to forecast the alkali-activated mortar’s compressive strength. Metrics used for performance evaluation, such as the coefficient of determination R2 and RMSE, showed that the ANN model produced better predictions. For sodium-based activators, ANN produced an RMSE of 0.174 and an R2 value of 0.96 under ambient curing conditions, while KNN produced an RMSE of 0.154 and an R2 value of 0.158. The findings highlight the potential use of waste materials, such as POFA, granite dust and slag in the creation of eco-friendly and high-performance alkali-activated binders.