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<p>This study evaluated the yield and stability of 13 sugar beet cultivars under various planting and harvest dates in West Azerbaijan Province- Iran. The study was designed as a split-factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The main plots consisted of two planting dates: April 21 (early planting) and June 22 (late planting). The subplots included three harvest dates: October 7, October 22, and November 6. Additionally, the sub-subplots evaluated 13 sugar beet cultivars. Early planting (April 21) significantly increased root yield (RY) (94.48 t ha<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>) and white sugar yield (WSY) (12.63 t ha<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>) compared to late planting. The cultivar Perfecta showed the highest RY (117.49 t ha<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>) and WSY (18.37 t ha<sup>−</sup> <sup>1</sup>), while the Sharif had the lowest performance. Delayed harvest improved yield traits in most cultivars. The Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction AMMI stability parameters indicated that Paya and SBSI037 were the most stable genotypes. Palma and Paya were identified as having high stable WSY values based on sustainability indicators, such as Weighted Average of Absolute Scores for Stability and Mean Performance (WAASBY) and Weighted Average of Absolute Scores (WAAS). GGE-biplot analysis identified Ekbatan, SBSI037, and SBSI048 as stable, high-yielding cultivars near the ideal genotype. Perfecta showed high yield but lower stability, adapting to specific environments. Genetic parameter estimates indicated high heritability for WSY (0.70) and significant genotypic variation. These findings highlight the importance of optimal planting and harvest timing, providing valuable insights for selecting high-yielding, stable sugar beet cultivars in semi-arid environments.</p>

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Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Stability of White Sugar Yield of Different Sugar Beet Cultivars in Response to Changes in Planting and Harvesting Dates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月15日

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  • Farhang Movloudi,
  • Esmail Nabizadeh,
  • Hamze Hamze,
  • Heydar Azizi,
  • Saman Yezdanseta

摘要

This study evaluated the yield and stability of 13 sugar beet cultivars under various planting and harvest dates in West Azerbaijan Province- Iran. The study was designed as a split-factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design with four replications. The main plots consisted of two planting dates: April 21 (early planting) and June 22 (late planting). The subplots included three harvest dates: October 7, October 22, and November 6. Additionally, the sub-subplots evaluated 13 sugar beet cultivars. Early planting (April 21) significantly increased root yield (RY) (94.48 t ha− 1) and white sugar yield (WSY) (12.63 t ha− 1) compared to late planting. The cultivar Perfecta showed the highest RY (117.49 t ha− 1) and WSY (18.37 t ha− 1), while the Sharif had the lowest performance. Delayed harvest improved yield traits in most cultivars. The Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction AMMI stability parameters indicated that Paya and SBSI037 were the most stable genotypes. Palma and Paya were identified as having high stable WSY values based on sustainability indicators, such as Weighted Average of Absolute Scores for Stability and Mean Performance (WAASBY) and Weighted Average of Absolute Scores (WAAS). GGE-biplot analysis identified Ekbatan, SBSI037, and SBSI048 as stable, high-yielding cultivars near the ideal genotype. Perfecta showed high yield but lower stability, adapting to specific environments. Genetic parameter estimates indicated high heritability for WSY (0.70) and significant genotypic variation. These findings highlight the importance of optimal planting and harvest timing, providing valuable insights for selecting high-yielding, stable sugar beet cultivars in semi-arid environments.