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<p>Simultaneous improvement of both yield and resource use efficiency is a major challenge of wheat production, and optimized cultivation management can improve yield and efficiency. We conducted field experiments to analyze how three treatments, local farming traditional management (FTM), high input and high output management (HHM), and optimized cultivation management (OCM), coordinated high yield and nitrogen use efficiency for grain production (NUE<sub>G</sub>). The results showed that the yield and NUE<sub>G</sub> were higher under OCM than under HHM and FTM by -1.4% and 14.2% (yield), and 8.7% and 7.7% (NUE<sub>G</sub>) respectively. Both the yield and NUE<sub>G</sub> were significantly positively correlated with the number of grains per unit area (GNa), biomass and N accumulation at flowering stage (TW<sub>F</sub> and TN<sub>F</sub>), biomass accumulation after flowering (TW<sub>F−M</sub>) and dry matter translocation (DMT) amount after flowering. When compared with FTM, TW<sub>F−M</sub> and DMT of OCM improved by 10.8% and 33.7%, respectively. This is because the higher iPAR increase rate from jointing to flowering under OCM increased the GNa, TW<sub>F</sub> and TN<sub>F</sub>, resulting in larger source and sink capacity. Moreover, under OCM, the hormone levels of grains and flag leaves at 15 to 20 days after flowering promoted grain filling and transfer of substances from the flag leaves. In summary, OCM can harmonize the balance between source and sink size and activity, especially increase grain assimilation activity and leaf matter degradation, during the filling period. The promotion of optimized cultivation management can reduce resource input, enhance agricultural sustainability, and stabilize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.</p>

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Balanced Source-Sink Strength in Optimized Cultivation Management of Wheat Could Coordinate High Yield and High Nitrogen Use Efficiency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月14日

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  • Juan Kang,
  • Yingying Chu,
  • Jiaxin Zhao,
  • Geng Ma,
  • Haiyan Zhang,
  • Yanfei Zhang,
  • Guozhang Kang,
  • Guangxin Ru,
  • Dongyun Ma,
  • Yingxin Xie,
  • Chenyang Wang

摘要

Simultaneous improvement of both yield and resource use efficiency is a major challenge of wheat production, and optimized cultivation management can improve yield and efficiency. We conducted field experiments to analyze how three treatments, local farming traditional management (FTM), high input and high output management (HHM), and optimized cultivation management (OCM), coordinated high yield and nitrogen use efficiency for grain production (NUEG). The results showed that the yield and NUEG were higher under OCM than under HHM and FTM by -1.4% and 14.2% (yield), and 8.7% and 7.7% (NUEG) respectively. Both the yield and NUEG were significantly positively correlated with the number of grains per unit area (GNa), biomass and N accumulation at flowering stage (TWF and TNF), biomass accumulation after flowering (TWF−M) and dry matter translocation (DMT) amount after flowering. When compared with FTM, TWF−M and DMT of OCM improved by 10.8% and 33.7%, respectively. This is because the higher iPAR increase rate from jointing to flowering under OCM increased the GNa, TWF and TNF, resulting in larger source and sink capacity. Moreover, under OCM, the hormone levels of grains and flag leaves at 15 to 20 days after flowering promoted grain filling and transfer of substances from the flag leaves. In summary, OCM can harmonize the balance between source and sink size and activity, especially increase grain assimilation activity and leaf matter degradation, during the filling period. The promotion of optimized cultivation management can reduce resource input, enhance agricultural sustainability, and stabilize grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.