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<p>Sunflower (<i>Helianthus annuus L</i>.) oil has gained popularity worldwide for its versatile gastronomic applications and health benefits. Therefore, its yearly demand has increased by 0.8% globally. To address this increased demand, it is essential to implement effective fertilizer management practices. This two-year study (2021 and 2022) investigated the effects of various processed animal manures on soil properties, yield attributes, oil content, oil quality, and nitrogen (N) uptake. Four manures were prepared through various processing techniques; covered heap (CM), roofed heap (RM), stockpiled heap (SM), and turned heap (TM). These along with fresh buffalo manures were applied to sunflower, at 100&#xa0;kg N ha<sup>− 1</sup>, with untreated control. Yield attributes, including head diameter, achenes per head, 1000-achene weight, achenes yield, biological yield and harvest index were 59 (22.3 vs. 14&#xa0;cm), 34 (871 vs. 648 plant<sup>− 1</sup>), 30 (57 vs. 44&#xa0;g), 30 (1999 vs. 1541&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>), 23 (6535 vs. 5310&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) and 5 (30.6 vs. 29.1&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) % higher in processed manures, respectively than control. Seed oil content and quality were influenced by manure application, with CM resulting in the highest seed oil content (46.4%). Saturated fatty acids decreased, while unsaturated fatty acids and seed protein increased with processed manure treatments. Sunflower N uptake was 162% (27 vs. 10&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) higher in all manure treatments than control in both years. The highest increase in mean mineral-N (116%: 38 vs. 18&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) was observed in the soil treated with CM in both years. Soil available phosphorus was 35% (32 vs. 24&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) higher in all manure treatments, except for SM, while potassium was 35% (444 vs. 329&#xa0;kg ha<sup>− 1</sup>) higher in all manure treatments than control in both years. Overall, this study highlights the potential of processed manures to enhance sunflower oil content and quality while offering a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilizers for improving soil fertility and crop productivity under rainfed conditions.</p>

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Improving Soil Fertility, Seed Yield, and Oil Quality of Sunflower Through Application of Processed Animal Manure Under Rainfed Conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Ghulam Abbas Shah,
  • Mughees Mustafa,
  • Zheli Ding,
  • Zahid Mahmood,
  • Faheem Khan,
  • Shujaat Hussain Khan,
  • Safdar Ali,
  • Ghulam Mustafa Shah,
  • Imran Mahmood,
  • Muhammad Bilawal Junaid,
  • Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary,
  • Muhammad Habib Ur Rehman,
  • Muhammad Ali Raza,
  • Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid

摘要

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) oil has gained popularity worldwide for its versatile gastronomic applications and health benefits. Therefore, its yearly demand has increased by 0.8% globally. To address this increased demand, it is essential to implement effective fertilizer management practices. This two-year study (2021 and 2022) investigated the effects of various processed animal manures on soil properties, yield attributes, oil content, oil quality, and nitrogen (N) uptake. Four manures were prepared through various processing techniques; covered heap (CM), roofed heap (RM), stockpiled heap (SM), and turned heap (TM). These along with fresh buffalo manures were applied to sunflower, at 100 kg N ha− 1, with untreated control. Yield attributes, including head diameter, achenes per head, 1000-achene weight, achenes yield, biological yield and harvest index were 59 (22.3 vs. 14 cm), 34 (871 vs. 648 plant− 1), 30 (57 vs. 44 g), 30 (1999 vs. 1541 kg ha− 1), 23 (6535 vs. 5310 kg ha− 1) and 5 (30.6 vs. 29.1 kg ha− 1) % higher in processed manures, respectively than control. Seed oil content and quality were influenced by manure application, with CM resulting in the highest seed oil content (46.4%). Saturated fatty acids decreased, while unsaturated fatty acids and seed protein increased with processed manure treatments. Sunflower N uptake was 162% (27 vs. 10 kg ha− 1) higher in all manure treatments than control in both years. The highest increase in mean mineral-N (116%: 38 vs. 18 kg ha− 1) was observed in the soil treated with CM in both years. Soil available phosphorus was 35% (32 vs. 24 kg ha− 1) higher in all manure treatments, except for SM, while potassium was 35% (444 vs. 329 kg ha− 1) higher in all manure treatments than control in both years. Overall, this study highlights the potential of processed manures to enhance sunflower oil content and quality while offering a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilizers for improving soil fertility and crop productivity under rainfed conditions.