The Ontology of Professional Vocation: Meaning, Transcendence, and Fulfilment in Scientific Practice
摘要
This paper develops a philosophically rigorous account of professional vocation that advances beyond existing frameworks in three principal ways. First, it proposes a triple goods distinction that supersedes Alasdair MacIntyre’s binary of internal and external goods: alongside satisfaction (the felt quality of work done well) and external reward (recognition, promotion, salary), the paper identifies fulfilment as a third, irreducible category — a side effect of faithfulness to meaning that cannot be directly pursued and that no institution confers. Second, the paper grounds professional meaning in the double call of purpose: the call written into the human being’s transcendental contingency (the protopurpose) and the call constitutive of a specific vocation (the profession’s raison d’être). Meaning is reconceived as correspondence between these two calls and one’s enacted response. Third, the paper identifies four distinctively vocational virtues — truthfulness, Habenwissen, openness, and the will to affirm — which sustain the double correspondence against the temptation of "das Man" and the structural distortions of modern academic institutions. The argument is developed through the anthropological circle (being-from → being-in-itself → being-for-others), whose directional logic explains why the egoistic professional cannot achieve fulfilment: not because she is imprudent, but because she has reversed an ontologically irreversible movement. The paper draws on Weber, Durkheim, Bourdieu, Heidegger, Taylor, Levinas, Honneth, Fromm, Frankl, and Aristotle, situating its contributions within contemporary debates in philosophy of work, virtue ethics, and the philosophy of science.