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Objective <p>The objective of this study was to investigate the association between quantitatively assessed abdominal organ fat infiltration via computed tomography (CT) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset, as well as to evaluate its predictive utility for T2DM risk.</p> Methods <p>A cohort of 795 patients who had undergone abdominal CT scanning were enrolled in the study and were stratified into a T2DM group (<i>n</i> = 394) and a control group (<i>n</i> = 401) based on the presence or absence of T2DM.The CT attenuation values of the liver, pancreas, and spleen were quantitatively measured using CT, and the liver-to-spleen ratio (L/S) and pancreas-to-spleen ratio (P/S) were calculated.Differences in clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters between groups were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent determinants of T2DM, and their predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis.</p> Results <p>The T2DM group exhibited significantly higher body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but significantly lower L/S and P/S, compared to the control group.A binary multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for sex, BMI, and FPG, identified L/S and P/S as independent factors associated with T2DM.A ROC curve analysis indicated that the L/S showed optimal predictive performance among all subjects, as well as in the normal weight, overweight, and obese subgroups, and was significantly better than BMI. Within the normal weight subgroup, the L/S outperformed all other imaging indicators in predictive accuracy.</p> Conclusion <p>CT-quantified hepatic and pancreatic fat infiltration indices (L/S and P/S) are independent factors associated with T2DM. Their predictive performance exceeds that of traditional BMI, and they remain effective even in non-obese participants. These indicators may serve as novel imaging markers for early screening of T2DM.</p>

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Quantitative CT measurement of abdominal organ fat infiltration and its association with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Li Cheng,
  • Chao Jiang,
  • Ning Li,
  • Lulu Sun,
  • Yuandong Cheng,
  • Liang liu,
  • Yingjie Wang,
  • Yanjun Zou,
  • Zhe Wu,
  • Yi Tang

摘要

Objective

The objective of this study was to investigate the association between quantitatively assessed abdominal organ fat infiltration via computed tomography (CT) and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset, as well as to evaluate its predictive utility for T2DM risk.

Methods

A cohort of 795 patients who had undergone abdominal CT scanning were enrolled in the study and were stratified into a T2DM group (n = 394) and a control group (n = 401) based on the presence or absence of T2DM.The CT attenuation values of the liver, pancreas, and spleen were quantitatively measured using CT, and the liver-to-spleen ratio (L/S) and pancreas-to-spleen ratio (P/S) were calculated.Differences in clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters between groups were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify independent determinants of T2DM, and their predictive performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis.

Results

The T2DM group exhibited significantly higher body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, but significantly lower L/S and P/S, compared to the control group.A binary multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for sex, BMI, and FPG, identified L/S and P/S as independent factors associated with T2DM.A ROC curve analysis indicated that the L/S showed optimal predictive performance among all subjects, as well as in the normal weight, overweight, and obese subgroups, and was significantly better than BMI. Within the normal weight subgroup, the L/S outperformed all other imaging indicators in predictive accuracy.

Conclusion

CT-quantified hepatic and pancreatic fat infiltration indices (L/S and P/S) are independent factors associated with T2DM. Their predictive performance exceeds that of traditional BMI, and they remain effective even in non-obese participants. These indicators may serve as novel imaging markers for early screening of T2DM.