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<p>Foraging peoples from Pavlovian cultural contexts in Mid Upper Paleolithic Central Europe exhibit unique buccal wear facets on their molars, premolars, and canines. Hypotheses for their formation have centered on an ethnohistoric analogy in which small stones were held in the mouth to alleviate thirst, while others suggest that some unknown non-dietary behavior could account for the atypical wear. More recently, the use of facial adornments (“labrets”) fixed through buccal piercings was suggested based on new analyses and comparisons with ethnohistoric and bioarchaeological examples. This synthesis brings together new observations on original fossils and a photographic archive of most&#xa0;fossils unavailable for direct observation. Results show that maxillary teeth are affected more often than mandibular teeth. The teeth most visibly modified by buccal wear are maxillary first molars (M<sup>1</sup>s) and the severity of wear radiates mesially and distally from the M<sup>1</sup>—frequently forming contiguous wear planes across the maxillary third premolar to second molar (P<sup>3</sup>–M<sup>2</sup>) and less frequently to the maxillary canine and maxillary third molar (C<sup>1</sup> and M<sup>3</sup>). In addition, there appears to be a strong age-related progression of wear. Facets occur unilaterally in younger individuals. Facets in older individuals are often bilateral, with detectable asymmetry in degree of wear. A review of potential hypotheses explaining the buccal wear most strongly supports labret use among the Pavlovians. Whatever the ultimate cause of the buccal wear may be, it is notable that the unique patterning of wear is found in all adults, most adolescents, and some children across all Pavlovian sites studied.&#xa0;Uniformity in these wear patterns suggest shared, embodied behavior(s) among Pavlovian peoples across their lifecourses.</p>

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Probable Use of Labrets Among the Mid Upper Paleolithic Pavlovian Peoples of Central Europe

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月23日

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  • John Charles Willman

摘要

Foraging peoples from Pavlovian cultural contexts in Mid Upper Paleolithic Central Europe exhibit unique buccal wear facets on their molars, premolars, and canines. Hypotheses for their formation have centered on an ethnohistoric analogy in which small stones were held in the mouth to alleviate thirst, while others suggest that some unknown non-dietary behavior could account for the atypical wear. More recently, the use of facial adornments (“labrets”) fixed through buccal piercings was suggested based on new analyses and comparisons with ethnohistoric and bioarchaeological examples. This synthesis brings together new observations on original fossils and a photographic archive of most fossils unavailable for direct observation. Results show that maxillary teeth are affected more often than mandibular teeth. The teeth most visibly modified by buccal wear are maxillary first molars (M1s) and the severity of wear radiates mesially and distally from the M1—frequently forming contiguous wear planes across the maxillary third premolar to second molar (P3–M2) and less frequently to the maxillary canine and maxillary third molar (C1 and M3). In addition, there appears to be a strong age-related progression of wear. Facets occur unilaterally in younger individuals. Facets in older individuals are often bilateral, with detectable asymmetry in degree of wear. A review of potential hypotheses explaining the buccal wear most strongly supports labret use among the Pavlovians. Whatever the ultimate cause of the buccal wear may be, it is notable that the unique patterning of wear is found in all adults, most adolescents, and some children across all Pavlovian sites studied. Uniformity in these wear patterns suggest shared, embodied behavior(s) among Pavlovian peoples across their lifecourses.