Characterization of Drop Size Distribution in Urban Heavy Rainfall Event Using Doppler Weather Radar and Laser Precipitation Monitor
摘要
The raindrop size distribution (DSD) is crucial for understanding clouds and microphysical processes, estimating rainfall, and improving weather forecasts. Understanding DSD is important in the context of a changing climate, particularly in meteorology and hydrology. This study aims to understand extreme urban precipitation events using Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) and Laser Precipitation Monitor (LPM). An extreme precipitation event occurred on 10th May 2024 in Hyderabad, India. The study analyzed various parameters such as total number concentration, liquid water content, rain rate, radar reflectivity, median drop diameter, and normalized number concentration. The results showed that low concentrations of larger raindrops with a duration of over 45 min characterize the extreme precipitation event. It was observed that high rain rates (> 50 mm hr−1) contribute around 70% to the total accumulated rainfall with the mean diameter of 3 mm. The average rain rate for convective (stratiform) precipitation is found to be 52.18 (0.5) mm hr−1, ranging from 5.12 (0.02) mm hr−1 to 134.41(2.28) mm hr−1. For stratiform rain rates, the maximum raindrop diameter is observed to be around 2.5 mm, while for convective rain rates, it is around 7.5 mm with lower concentrations. The findings provide valuable insights into the nature of urban extreme precipitation events, aiding in accurately representing DSDs for convective parameterization in urban regional models will help to reduce significant quantitative precipitation estimation errors for urban precipitation extremes.