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<p>The development of efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic technologies is crucial for addressing global energy challenges. In this work, we investigate a lead-free tandem perovskite solar cell employing Bi<sub>2</sub>FeCrO<sub>6</sub> as the wide-bandgap top absorber and Cs<sub>2</sub>BiAgI<sub>6</sub> as the low-bandgap bottom absorber using SCAPS-1D simulations. A charge transport layer-free architecture (no HTL/ETL) was considered to simplify fabrication and enhance cost-effectiveness. The effects of absorber thickness, defect densities, bandgap tuning, metal work function, and temperature variations on device performance were systematically analyzed. The optimized structure achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.43%, with V<sub>OC</sub> = 1.64 V, J<sub>SC</sub> = 12.19 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, and FF = 67.26%. Bi<sub>2</sub>FeCrO<sub>6</sub>’s multiferroic properties were shown to enhance charge separation and reduce recombination, while Cs<sub>2</sub>BiAgI<sub>6</sub> provided efficient absorption in the visible–near infrared region. Metal contact simulations confirmed that high work function electrodes such as Au minimized interfacial losses, consistent with Schottky contact theory. Temperature-dependent analysis revealed a moderate efficiency decline above 300 K, underlining the need for improved thermal stability. Although the efficiency is limited by the relatively low JSC of Cs<sub>2</sub>BiAgI<sub>6</sub>, this study demonstrates the viability of Bi<sub>2</sub>FeCrO<sub>6</sub>/ Cs<sub>2</sub>BiAgI<sub>6</sub> tandems as a sustainable alternative to Pb-based devices. The results provide valuable insights for guiding future experimental efforts in developing eco-friendly, high-performance tandem perovskite solar cells.</p>

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Efficiency optimization of double perovskite solar cells using Bi₂FeCrO₆ and Cs₂BiAgI₆ without charge transport layers: a SCAPS-1D simulation study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月12日

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  • Lootfi Sana,
  • El Kouari Youssef,
  • Alami Houssam

摘要

The development of efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic technologies is crucial for addressing global energy challenges. In this work, we investigate a lead-free tandem perovskite solar cell employing Bi2FeCrO6 as the wide-bandgap top absorber and Cs2BiAgI6 as the low-bandgap bottom absorber using SCAPS-1D simulations. A charge transport layer-free architecture (no HTL/ETL) was considered to simplify fabrication and enhance cost-effectiveness. The effects of absorber thickness, defect densities, bandgap tuning, metal work function, and temperature variations on device performance were systematically analyzed. The optimized structure achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.43%, with VOC = 1.64 V, JSC = 12.19 mA/cm2, and FF = 67.26%. Bi2FeCrO6’s multiferroic properties were shown to enhance charge separation and reduce recombination, while Cs2BiAgI6 provided efficient absorption in the visible–near infrared region. Metal contact simulations confirmed that high work function electrodes such as Au minimized interfacial losses, consistent with Schottky contact theory. Temperature-dependent analysis revealed a moderate efficiency decline above 300 K, underlining the need for improved thermal stability. Although the efficiency is limited by the relatively low JSC of Cs2BiAgI6, this study demonstrates the viability of Bi2FeCrO6/ Cs2BiAgI6 tandems as a sustainable alternative to Pb-based devices. The results provide valuable insights for guiding future experimental efforts in developing eco-friendly, high-performance tandem perovskite solar cells.