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<p>The novelty of the present study lies in the first-time use of lemon leaf extract (LLE) as an effective green corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in 0.2–0.4&#xa0;M HCl solution. The inhibition performance was evaluated using mass loss (ML), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), supported by computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT). The chemical composition of LLE was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilised to investigate the surface morphology. The impact of varying LLE concentrations on corrosion inhibition in HCl was investigated between 303–333&#xa0;K, revealing that an optimal concentration of 2.0&#xa0;g/L LLE demonstrated a high inhibition efficiency of 92.0%. PDP analyses showed a reduction in corrosion current density from 264.0 µA/cm<sup>2</sup> in blank solution to 20.4 µA/cm<sup>2</sup> with 2.0&#xa0;g/L of LLE. EIS measurements further supported an inhibition efficiency of 91.3%. As the concentration of <i>lemon leaf</i> extract rose, so did inhibition efficiency; however, higher temperatures tended to decrease effectiveness. The inhibition mechanism followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, suggesting the generation of a monolayer on the surface of Al. Computational studies further explained adsorption through electron transfer and surface interactions, validating experimental outcomes. This combined experimental–computational approach highlights the promise of LLE as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor, addressing limitations of conventional inhibitors. Future research could explore the scalability, cost-effectiveness, and field-level applications of LLE-based corrosion protection.</p>

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Eco-friendly corrosion protection for aluminum in HCl: the role of lemon leaf ethanolic extract—a combined theoretical and experimental study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Adarsh M. Patel,
  • Bhumika B. Parmar,
  • Krishna G. Prajapati,
  • K. C. Desai,
  • R. T. Vashi,
  • P. S. Desai

摘要

The novelty of the present study lies in the first-time use of lemon leaf extract (LLE) as an effective green corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in 0.2–0.4 M HCl solution. The inhibition performance was evaluated using mass loss (ML), potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), supported by computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT). The chemical composition of LLE was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were utilised to investigate the surface morphology. The impact of varying LLE concentrations on corrosion inhibition in HCl was investigated between 303–333 K, revealing that an optimal concentration of 2.0 g/L LLE demonstrated a high inhibition efficiency of 92.0%. PDP analyses showed a reduction in corrosion current density from 264.0 µA/cm2 in blank solution to 20.4 µA/cm2 with 2.0 g/L of LLE. EIS measurements further supported an inhibition efficiency of 91.3%. As the concentration of lemon leaf extract rose, so did inhibition efficiency; however, higher temperatures tended to decrease effectiveness. The inhibition mechanism followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, suggesting the generation of a monolayer on the surface of Al. Computational studies further explained adsorption through electron transfer and surface interactions, validating experimental outcomes. This combined experimental–computational approach highlights the promise of LLE as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor, addressing limitations of conventional inhibitors. Future research could explore the scalability, cost-effectiveness, and field-level applications of LLE-based corrosion protection.