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<p>This investigation examines the thermal behavior of ternary nanofluids with applications in manufacturing, solar energy, nuclear power, and electronic cooling. The research highlights the comparative heat transfer performance of ternary nanofluids containing Al₂O₃, CuO, and TiO₂ nanoparticles, dispersed in water and kerosene as base fluids. The magnetic steady flow of Casson nanofluids over a permeable stretching sheet is analyzed, incorporating viscous and Darcy dissipation, Ohmic heating, radiation, and non-uniform heat source effects. The governing PDEs are transformed into nonlinear ODEs using similarity transformations and solved numerically via the 4th -order Runge–Kutta method combined with the shooting strategy, with results illustrated through graphs and 3D contour plots. A comparative sensitivity analysis is conducted through the RSM-ANOVA approach to statistically examine the influences of key parameters on both flows. The comparative analysis of flow and heat transfer rates for water- and kerosene-based ternary nanofluids is presented in tabular form. The findings show that higher Hartmann numbers and Casson parameters reduce momentum profiles, while larger Eckert numbers and radiation parameters enhance energy profiles, which are suppressed by increasing heat relaxation parameters. Water-based ternary nanofluids demonstrate superior thermal efficiency compared to kerosene-based flow. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis offers valuable comparative guidance for optimizing heat transfer rates, facilitating the design of advanced thermal systems utilizing both ternary nanofluids. </p>

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Sensitivity analysis of heat transfer in water- and kerosene-based trihybrid nanofluids in MHD Casson flow

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Biswas Arpita,
  • Ram Prakash Sharma,
  • Utpal Kumar Saha

摘要

This investigation examines the thermal behavior of ternary nanofluids with applications in manufacturing, solar energy, nuclear power, and electronic cooling. The research highlights the comparative heat transfer performance of ternary nanofluids containing Al₂O₃, CuO, and TiO₂ nanoparticles, dispersed in water and kerosene as base fluids. The magnetic steady flow of Casson nanofluids over a permeable stretching sheet is analyzed, incorporating viscous and Darcy dissipation, Ohmic heating, radiation, and non-uniform heat source effects. The governing PDEs are transformed into nonlinear ODEs using similarity transformations and solved numerically via the 4th -order Runge–Kutta method combined with the shooting strategy, with results illustrated through graphs and 3D contour plots. A comparative sensitivity analysis is conducted through the RSM-ANOVA approach to statistically examine the influences of key parameters on both flows. The comparative analysis of flow and heat transfer rates for water- and kerosene-based ternary nanofluids is presented in tabular form. The findings show that higher Hartmann numbers and Casson parameters reduce momentum profiles, while larger Eckert numbers and radiation parameters enhance energy profiles, which are suppressed by increasing heat relaxation parameters. Water-based ternary nanofluids demonstrate superior thermal efficiency compared to kerosene-based flow. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis offers valuable comparative guidance for optimizing heat transfer rates, facilitating the design of advanced thermal systems utilizing both ternary nanofluids.