<p>The 400kV Iraqi Super Grid (400kV ISG) faces significant challenges in providing reliable electrical energy to consumers and effectively managing emergencies within the network. Unfortunately, the expansion of power generation has been limited by resource constraints, resulting in increased stress on transmission lines and a higher risk of overload. This paper aims to analyze the reliability and characteristics of the large non-series–parallel network comprising the 400kV ISG, utilizing operational data and the path tracing method. The grid consists of 58 components, which have been divided into six regional combinations using the minimal path technique. Stochastic variables related to component failure rates are modeled using an exponential distribution based on the collected operational data. We calculate minimal signatures, tail signatures, expected time, expected cost, and the Barlow-Proschan index by applying Owen's methodology. Additionally, we assess reliability sensitivity using the exponential distribution based on operational data. The reliability and its attributes are evaluated by considering different values for operational data at various points in time. This analysis highlights the key operational factors that influence the performance of the 400kV ISG and identifies areas within the network that exhibit poor reliability.</p>