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<p>Smart Grids incorporate advanced metering infrastructure and communication technologies to facilitate real-time monitoring and efficient control of power distribution systems. However, their large-scale deployment and open architecture introduce significant security concerns, particularly regarding device authentication and data integrity. Moreover, the advent of quantum computing poses a substantial threat to conventional cryptographic methods, necessitating the development of quantum-resistant security solutions. In this study, we present a novel authentication protocol for SGs that utilizes blockchain technology to establish decentralized trust and incorporates lightweight cryptographic primitives to enhance security. The proposed scheme is rigorously evaluated through formal verification methods, informal security analysis, and validation using the Scyther tool, affirming its robustness. Furthermore, performance analysis indicates that the scheme achieves a favourable balance between security and efficiency, demonstrating its suitability for deployment in resource-constrained smart grid environments.</p>

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AF-SGS: Blockchain-assisted secure authentication framework for smart grid systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月17日

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  • Vipin Kumar,
  • Pavinder Yadav,
  • Pankaj Rana,
  • Mandeep Kaur,
  • Raja Rawat,
  • Rifaqat Ali

摘要

Smart Grids incorporate advanced metering infrastructure and communication technologies to facilitate real-time monitoring and efficient control of power distribution systems. However, their large-scale deployment and open architecture introduce significant security concerns, particularly regarding device authentication and data integrity. Moreover, the advent of quantum computing poses a substantial threat to conventional cryptographic methods, necessitating the development of quantum-resistant security solutions. In this study, we present a novel authentication protocol for SGs that utilizes blockchain technology to establish decentralized trust and incorporates lightweight cryptographic primitives to enhance security. The proposed scheme is rigorously evaluated through formal verification methods, informal security analysis, and validation using the Scyther tool, affirming its robustness. Furthermore, performance analysis indicates that the scheme achieves a favourable balance between security and efficiency, demonstrating its suitability for deployment in resource-constrained smart grid environments.