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<p>The Taizicheng archaeological site provides a significant archaeological context for exploring population structure and cultural interactions in northern China during the Jin Dynasty, a period characterised by ongoing interactions between agrarian and pastoral societies. In this study, we conducted a molecular archaeological analysis of five individuals from the Taizicheng archaeological site, identified through archaeological evidence as the Taihe Palace, the imperial seasonal residence during the reign of Emperor Zhangzong of the Jin Dynasty. We successfully recovered four complete mitochondrial genomes from these individuals. Analyses, including principal component analysis, pairwise genetic distance heatmaps, phylogenetic reconstruction, and median joining networks, consistently position the Taizicheng individuals within the genetic variation of northern Chinese populations and reveal close maternal affinities with contemporary regional groups. The mitochondrial haplogroups identified primarily correspond to maternal lineages typically found in northern East Asian populations. These genetic patterns, along with archaeological, historical, and geographic data, suggest that Taizicheng served as a major hub for population interactions in northern China, characterised by demographic continuity as well as cultural and genetic transmissions. Our results provide further archaeogenomic evidence for maternal genetic history and cultural assimilation during the Jin Dynasty.</p>

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Whole mitochondrial genome reveals the maternal genetic structure of the ancient population from the Taizicheng archaeological site

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Yuan Meng,
  • Jiashuo Zhang,
  • Youyang Qu,
  • Tianshu Li,
  • Jian Li,
  • Wenyan Li,
  • Xiaofei Ma,
  • Dawei Cai

摘要

The Taizicheng archaeological site provides a significant archaeological context for exploring population structure and cultural interactions in northern China during the Jin Dynasty, a period characterised by ongoing interactions between agrarian and pastoral societies. In this study, we conducted a molecular archaeological analysis of five individuals from the Taizicheng archaeological site, identified through archaeological evidence as the Taihe Palace, the imperial seasonal residence during the reign of Emperor Zhangzong of the Jin Dynasty. We successfully recovered four complete mitochondrial genomes from these individuals. Analyses, including principal component analysis, pairwise genetic distance heatmaps, phylogenetic reconstruction, and median joining networks, consistently position the Taizicheng individuals within the genetic variation of northern Chinese populations and reveal close maternal affinities with contemporary regional groups. The mitochondrial haplogroups identified primarily correspond to maternal lineages typically found in northern East Asian populations. These genetic patterns, along with archaeological, historical, and geographic data, suggest that Taizicheng served as a major hub for population interactions in northern China, characterised by demographic continuity as well as cultural and genetic transmissions. Our results provide further archaeogenomic evidence for maternal genetic history and cultural assimilation during the Jin Dynasty.