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<p>The Fenwei Plain (FWP) faces severe air pollution, with fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) levels among the highest in China and frequent pollution episodes. However, the seasonal interactions between PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> and the mechanisms linking pollution events are still poorly understood, especially with limited studies focusing on the chemical composition of PM<sub>2.5</sub>. This study addresses this gap by applying the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to examine their seasonal variations in 2020 and to uncover the causes of three distinct types of severe pollution events. The results show that PM<sub>2.5</sub> peaked during January 15–18, increasing by 194% during independent pollution events due to a 17% drop in wind speed (WS) and a 75% rise in primary organic aerosol. O<sub>3</sub> concentrations peaked during April 27–May 3, showing a 140% increase driven by a 10&#xa0;K temperature rise, 20% lower WS, and 30% lower humidity. Compound pollution events occurring from November 10–16, caused simultaneous increases of 225% in PM<sub>2.5</sub> and 180% in O<sub>3</sub>, linked to a 30% decrease in planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and a 5&#xa0;K temperature rise. Secondary aerosol formation was enhanced, with sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium increasing by about 300%. After compound pollution events, O<sub>3</sub> concentrations dropped rapidly, while PM<sub>2.5</sub> remained elevated. To effectively mitigate compound air pollution in the FWP, it is crucial to strengthen seasonal control of SO<sub>2</sub> emissions in cold seasons and O<sub>3</sub> precursors ahead of high-temperature periods, while closely monitoring meteorological factors such as WS and PBL height.</p>

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Characteristics and Causes of Compound and Independent Heavy Pollution Events in the Fenwei Plain

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Guangwu Lin,
  • Zhaolei Zhang,
  • Yiheng Wang,
  • Jiaxin Dong,
  • Peng Wang,
  • Hongliang Zhang

摘要

The Fenwei Plain (FWP) faces severe air pollution, with fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) levels among the highest in China and frequent pollution episodes. However, the seasonal interactions between PM2.5 and O3 and the mechanisms linking pollution events are still poorly understood, especially with limited studies focusing on the chemical composition of PM2.5. This study addresses this gap by applying the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to examine their seasonal variations in 2020 and to uncover the causes of three distinct types of severe pollution events. The results show that PM2.5 peaked during January 15–18, increasing by 194% during independent pollution events due to a 17% drop in wind speed (WS) and a 75% rise in primary organic aerosol. O3 concentrations peaked during April 27–May 3, showing a 140% increase driven by a 10 K temperature rise, 20% lower WS, and 30% lower humidity. Compound pollution events occurring from November 10–16, caused simultaneous increases of 225% in PM2.5 and 180% in O3, linked to a 30% decrease in planetary boundary layer (PBL) height and a 5 K temperature rise. Secondary aerosol formation was enhanced, with sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium increasing by about 300%. After compound pollution events, O3 concentrations dropped rapidly, while PM2.5 remained elevated. To effectively mitigate compound air pollution in the FWP, it is crucial to strengthen seasonal control of SO2 emissions in cold seasons and O3 precursors ahead of high-temperature periods, while closely monitoring meteorological factors such as WS and PBL height.