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<p>We explored language switching (code-switching) in spontaneous inner speech in multilingual native Arabic speakers living in Israel. The aim of this study was to test the effects of both long-term variables (education and proficiency in Hebrew and English as non-native languages) and short-term variables (linguistic context and mood). We created a smartphone application which sent prompts twice a day to 49 female Arabic native speakers for 2&#xa0;weeks. Participants also filled a questionnaire including questions about their linguistic background and use. Results show that the short-term variable <i>linguistic context</i> affected language use in inner speech: a more mixed linguistic context contributed to more code-switching. Mood however, did not affect code-switching. Hierarchical Regression showed that the long-term variables: education and proficiency in Hebrew, but not English, explained most of the variability in code-switching in inner speech. These findings are discussed in the context of language status in the minds of multilinguals, control and inhibition theories, and the characteristics of inner speech.</p>

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Spontaneous inner speech in multilinguals: short-term and long-term effects on code-switching

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月14日

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  • Reem Dallasheh Khatib,
  • Zohar Eviatar,
  • Hamutal Kreiner

摘要

We explored language switching (code-switching) in spontaneous inner speech in multilingual native Arabic speakers living in Israel. The aim of this study was to test the effects of both long-term variables (education and proficiency in Hebrew and English as non-native languages) and short-term variables (linguistic context and mood). We created a smartphone application which sent prompts twice a day to 49 female Arabic native speakers for 2 weeks. Participants also filled a questionnaire including questions about their linguistic background and use. Results show that the short-term variable linguistic context affected language use in inner speech: a more mixed linguistic context contributed to more code-switching. Mood however, did not affect code-switching. Hierarchical Regression showed that the long-term variables: education and proficiency in Hebrew, but not English, explained most of the variability in code-switching in inner speech. These findings are discussed in the context of language status in the minds of multilinguals, control and inhibition theories, and the characteristics of inner speech.