<p>In this paper, we study logarithmic double phase problems with critical growth on the boundary of the form <Equation ID="Equ49"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} -\operatorname {div} {\mathcal {L}}(u)=-|u|^{p-2}u \quad \text {in } \Omega , \quad {\mathcal {L}}(u)\cdot \nu = f(x,u)+ |u|^{p_*-2}u \quad \text {on } \partial \Omega , \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mo>div</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">L</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>in</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="1em" /> <mi mathvariant="script">L</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>·</mo> <mi>ν</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>f</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi>u</mi> <mspace width="1em" /> <mtext>on</mtext> <mspace width="0.333333em" /> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation>where <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\operatorname {div} {\mathcal {L}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo>div</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">L</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> stands for the logarithmic double phase operator given by <Equation ID="Equ50"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\begin{aligned} \operatorname {div} \left( |\nabla u|^{p-2} \nabla u + \mu (x) \left[ \log (e + |\nabla u|) + \frac{|\nabla u|}{q(e + |\nabla u|)} \right] |\nabla u|^{q-2} \nabla u \right) , \end{aligned}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math display="block"> <mrow> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd columnalign="right"> <mrow> <mo>div</mo> <mfenced close=")" open="("> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>μ</mi> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mo>log</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>e</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mfrac> </mfenced> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>q</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>u</mi> </mfenced> <mo>,</mo> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </Equation><i>e</i> is Euler’s number, <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\nu (x)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>ν</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>x</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is the outer unit normal of <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> at <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(x \in \partial \Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>⊂</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> <mi>N</mi> </msup> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(N \ge 2\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\partial \Omega \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(1&lt; p &lt; N\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(p&lt; q &lt; p_* = \frac{(N - 1)p}{N - p}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>p</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <mi>q</mi> <mo>&lt;</mo> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mrow /> <mo>∗</mo> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>N</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \in L^\infty (\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>∈</mo> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> with <InlineEquation ID="IEq11"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu \ge 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>μ</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, and <InlineEquation ID="IEq12"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f :\partial \Omega \times [-{\mathcal {K}}, {\mathcal {K}}] \rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>f</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi>∂</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">K</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi mathvariant="script">K</mi> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mi> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> for some <InlineEquation ID="IEq13"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\({\mathcal {K}} &gt; 0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="script">K</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> is a Carathéodory function, just locally defined with a specific behavior near the origin. Using suitable truncation methods and an appropriate auxiliary problem along with an equivalent norm in our function space, we establish the existence of an entire sequence of sign-changing solutions to the above problem, which converges to zero in both the logarithmic Musielak-Orlicz Sobolev space <InlineEquation ID="IEq14"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W^{1, {\mathcal {H}}_{\log }}(\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi mathvariant="script">H</mi> <mo>log</mo> </msub> </mrow> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> and in <InlineEquation ID="IEq15"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(L^{\infty }(\Omega )\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mi>∞</mi> </msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>.</p>

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Logarithmic double phase problems with critical growth on the boundary

  • Eylem Öztürk,
  • Patrick Winkert

摘要

In this paper, we study logarithmic double phase problems with critical growth on the boundary of the form \(\begin{aligned} -\operatorname {div} {\mathcal {L}}(u)=-|u|^{p-2}u \quad \text {in } \Omega , \quad {\mathcal {L}}(u)\cdot \nu = f(x,u)+ |u|^{p_*-2}u \quad \text {on } \partial \Omega , \end{aligned}\) - div L ( u ) = - | u | p - 2 u in Ω , L ( u ) · ν = f ( x , u ) + | u | p - 2 u on Ω , where \(\operatorname {div} {\mathcal {L}}\) div L stands for the logarithmic double phase operator given by \(\begin{aligned} \operatorname {div} \left( |\nabla u|^{p-2} \nabla u + \mu (x) \left[ \log (e + |\nabla u|) + \frac{|\nabla u|}{q(e + |\nabla u|)} \right] |\nabla u|^{q-2} \nabla u \right) , \end{aligned}\) div | u | p - 2 u + μ ( x ) log ( e + | u | ) + | u | q ( e + | u | ) | u | q - 2 u , e is Euler’s number, \(\nu (x)\) ν ( x ) is the outer unit normal of \(\Omega \) Ω at \(x \in \partial \Omega \) x Ω , \(\Omega \subset {\mathbb {R}}^N\) Ω R N , \(N \ge 2\) N 2 , is a bounded domain with Lipschitz boundary \(\partial \Omega \) Ω , \(1< p < N\) 1 < p < N , \(p< q < p_* = \frac{(N - 1)p}{N - p}\) p < q < p = ( N - 1 ) p N - p , \(\mu \in L^\infty (\Omega )\) μ L ( Ω ) with \(\mu \ge 0\) μ 0 , and \(f :\partial \Omega \times [-{\mathcal {K}}, {\mathcal {K}}] \rightarrow {\mathbb {R}}\) f : Ω × [ - K , K ] R for some \({\mathcal {K}} > 0\) K > 0 is a Carathéodory function, just locally defined with a specific behavior near the origin. Using suitable truncation methods and an appropriate auxiliary problem along with an equivalent norm in our function space, we establish the existence of an entire sequence of sign-changing solutions to the above problem, which converges to zero in both the logarithmic Musielak-Orlicz Sobolev space \(W^{1, {\mathcal {H}}_{\log }}(\Omega )\) W 1 , H log ( Ω ) and in \(L^{\infty }(\Omega )\) L ( Ω ) .