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<p>Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was crystallized in the glass system of 40Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-40B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-20TiO<sub>2</sub> (in mol%) using the melt-quench technique. The structure, phase, and chemical composition were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Methylene blue dye was utilized as a model contaminant to measure the degradation performance of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst. The catalytic dye degradation performance was examined under sonocatalysis, visible light photocatalysis, and a combined sono-photocatalysis system. Among these, the highest degradation rate of 0.00276&#xa0;min<sup>− 1</sup> was achieved in the sono-photocatalysis process. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency dropped to 17% in the presence of p-benzoquinone (pBQ), indicating that superoxide radicals are likely the predominant reactive oxygen species contributing to dye degradation. Additionally, the photocatalytic activity was also evaluated under natural sunlight, exhibiting a degradation performance of 86% after 5&#xa0;h of direct solar irradiation.</p>

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Photocatalysis and sono-photocatalysis performance of Bi2O3 crystallized in 40Bi2O3-40B2O3-20TiO2 glass

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Ashis Kumar Moharana,
  • Mohamed A. Ismail,
  • Zaina Algarni,
  • Abdelfattah Amari,
  • Rahul Vaish,
  • Himmat Singh Kushwah

摘要

Bi2O3 was crystallized in the glass system of 40Bi2O3-40B2O3-20TiO2 (in mol%) using the melt-quench technique. The structure, phase, and chemical composition were evaluated using X-ray diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Methylene blue dye was utilized as a model contaminant to measure the degradation performance of Bi2O3 catalyst. The catalytic dye degradation performance was examined under sonocatalysis, visible light photocatalysis, and a combined sono-photocatalysis system. Among these, the highest degradation rate of 0.00276 min− 1 was achieved in the sono-photocatalysis process. Furthermore, the degradation efficiency dropped to 17% in the presence of p-benzoquinone (pBQ), indicating that superoxide radicals are likely the predominant reactive oxygen species contributing to dye degradation. Additionally, the photocatalytic activity was also evaluated under natural sunlight, exhibiting a degradation performance of 86% after 5 h of direct solar irradiation.