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<p>Herein, Ag₂O films are subjected to the pulsed laser welding (PLW) technique to enhance their crystallinity and expand their application potential. Engineering the pulse energy and pulse width successfully produced Ag₂O nano/microdisks ranging in size from 100 to 900&#xa0;nm. The crystallinity of the disks improved with increasing pulse energy and width. A significant reduction in defect concentration—by more than 61.5%—was achieved at 220&#xa0;V and a pulse width of 10 ms. Optically, PLW enhanced transmittance and reduced the reflectance in Ag<sub>2</sub>O films while lowering free carrier absorption. The energy band gap remained unchanged. As broadband antennas, the nano/microdisk-structured films operated effectively within the 2.3–5.1&#xa0;GHz frequency range and exhibited a bandwidth of 2.8&#xa0;GHz. They also showed a minimum return loss of − 38 dB at 3.15&#xa0;GHz, confirming their suitability for mmWave applications.</p>

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Controlled crystallization and engineering of the electro-optical properties of silver oxide nano/micro disks obtained by pulsed laser welding technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月18日

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  • A. F. Qasrawi,
  • Rana B. Daragme

摘要

Herein, Ag₂O films are subjected to the pulsed laser welding (PLW) technique to enhance their crystallinity and expand their application potential. Engineering the pulse energy and pulse width successfully produced Ag₂O nano/microdisks ranging in size from 100 to 900 nm. The crystallinity of the disks improved with increasing pulse energy and width. A significant reduction in defect concentration—by more than 61.5%—was achieved at 220 V and a pulse width of 10 ms. Optically, PLW enhanced transmittance and reduced the reflectance in Ag2O films while lowering free carrier absorption. The energy band gap remained unchanged. As broadband antennas, the nano/microdisk-structured films operated effectively within the 2.3–5.1 GHz frequency range and exhibited a bandwidth of 2.8 GHz. They also showed a minimum return loss of − 38 dB at 3.15 GHz, confirming their suitability for mmWave applications.