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<p>Using Unified District Information System of Education Plus (UDISE+) data, this paper tries to analyse the relationship between school characteristics and infrastructural facilities on school enrolment at the primary level (Grades 1–5) in India, over 4&#xa0;years, from 2018–19 to 2021–22. Enrolment in any school is determined by various factors, which can be broadly divided into demand side and supply side factors. Demand side factors include the individual, household, family and village level characteristics. The present paper is from the supply side, where we are trying to estimate how enrolment at the primary level differs with the school characteristics and various infrastructural facilities provided by the schools. This paper finds that schools in urban areas, schools having approachable roads, having English as their primary medium of instruction, and schools that offer higher grade classes have on an average higher enrolment, compared to their counterparts. With respect to school infrastructural facilities, the paper categorises school facilities into necessary facilities and auxiliary facilities, and then created respective indices for the two types of facilities. The paper finds that as the number of facilities increases, average enrolment also increases. We try to provide some possible explanations for this relationship, and suggestions to improve school facilities to increase school enrolment at primary level.</p>

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Do school facilities increase school enrolment? Evidence from primary school enrolment in India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月25日

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  • Apoorva Gupta,
  • Anu Satyal

摘要

Using Unified District Information System of Education Plus (UDISE+) data, this paper tries to analyse the relationship between school characteristics and infrastructural facilities on school enrolment at the primary level (Grades 1–5) in India, over 4 years, from 2018–19 to 2021–22. Enrolment in any school is determined by various factors, which can be broadly divided into demand side and supply side factors. Demand side factors include the individual, household, family and village level characteristics. The present paper is from the supply side, where we are trying to estimate how enrolment at the primary level differs with the school characteristics and various infrastructural facilities provided by the schools. This paper finds that schools in urban areas, schools having approachable roads, having English as their primary medium of instruction, and schools that offer higher grade classes have on an average higher enrolment, compared to their counterparts. With respect to school infrastructural facilities, the paper categorises school facilities into necessary facilities and auxiliary facilities, and then created respective indices for the two types of facilities. The paper finds that as the number of facilities increases, average enrolment also increases. We try to provide some possible explanations for this relationship, and suggestions to improve school facilities to increase school enrolment at primary level.