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<p>Oil spills are among the most serious environmental pollutants affecting aquatic ecosystems. In this study, a superhydrophobic magnetic graphene (MG) adsorbent was synthesized and applied for crude oil removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of pH, salinity, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time were optimized. Under the optimum conditions (pH 10, salinity 4.1%, adsorbent dosage 0.02&#xa0;g, temperature 90&#xa0;°C, and contact time 60&#xa0;min), the MG adsorbent achieved a crude oil removal efficiency of 95.8%. Equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The Langmuir model provided the best fit to the experimental data (R² = 0.9722), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 58.47&#xa0;mg/g. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.9951). Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Contact angle measurements showed a water contact angle of 151.1°, confirming the superhydrophobic nature of the synthesized material. The results demonstrate the potential of the MG adsorbent for crude oil removal and oil–water separation applications.</p>

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High-Efficiency Separation of Oil Spills from Water Using Superhydrophobic Magnetic Graphene-Based Sorbent

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月3日

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  • Azade Faraji,
  • Mehdi Esmaeili Bidhendi,
  • Mohsen Mehdipour Ghazi,
  • Hamid Rashidi Nodeh

摘要

Oil spills are among the most serious environmental pollutants affecting aquatic ecosystems. In this study, a superhydrophobic magnetic graphene (MG) adsorbent was synthesized and applied for crude oil removal from aqueous solutions. The effects of pH, salinity, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time were optimized. Under the optimum conditions (pH 10, salinity 4.1%, adsorbent dosage 0.02 g, temperature 90 °C, and contact time 60 min), the MG adsorbent achieved a crude oil removal efficiency of 95.8%. Equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm models. The Langmuir model provided the best fit to the experimental data (R² = 0.9722), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 58.47 mg/g. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 0.9951). Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Contact angle measurements showed a water contact angle of 151.1°, confirming the superhydrophobic nature of the synthesized material. The results demonstrate the potential of the MG adsorbent for crude oil removal and oil–water separation applications.