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<p>Water scarcity and contamination remain pressing global challenges, particularly in regions where conventional purification methods are either economically or environmentally unsustainable. This paper investigates bio-inspired water purification strategies that mimic natural filtration processes aiming to provide scalable and sustainable solutions for clean water access. By clearly defining the problem at the outset, the abstract emphasizes the importance and urgency of this research. Herein, a new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymeric membrane integrated with magnetic natural waste-derived nanosilica Fe<sub>3</sub>O₄@SiO₂ core-shell (PVC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O₄@SiO₂) is synthesized and applied for getting rid of oil from oil-in-water emulsions. PVC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O₄@SiO₂ membrane is characterized using a variety of techniques including FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and AFM. The membrane’s surface topography and roughness which is important for understanding how it interacts with oil droplets is examined using AFM analysis. The findings confirmed uniform nanoparticle dispersion (150 ± 25&#xa0;nm), 72 ± 3% porosity, and hydrophobic surface (112° ± 2° contact angle) with particle-matrix interactions enhancing structural integrity. The membrane achieved above 95% oil rejection under optimal conditions, sustained flux up to 250&#xa0;L/m².h at 7&#xa0;bar, and superior antifouling performance with FRR of 92 ± 3%, R<sub>t</sub> 33 ± 2%, R<sub>r</sub> 25 ± 2%, and R<sub>ir</sub> 8 ± 1%-outperforming conventional PVC (FRR &lt; 80%). The membrane also showed robust mechanical properties included tensile strength of 10.5 ± 0.6&#xa0;MPa (vs. 6.8 ± 0.4&#xa0;MPa for pure PVC), elongation at break of 52 ± 4% (vs. 38 ± 3%), and Young’s modulus of 215 ± 12&#xa0;MPa (vs. 145 ± 8&#xa0;MPa) indicating enhanced stress resistance and toughness. Efficiencies remained &gt; 80% across stressors (100–500&#xa0;mg/L oil, 0–30&#xa0;g/L NaCl, pH 5–9), demonstrating suitability of the synthesized robust and effective PVC/Fe<sub>3</sub>O₄@SiO₂ functional membrane for sustainable oily wastewater remediation.</p>

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Sustainable Treatment of Highly Stabilized Oil-in-Water Emulsions Using Newly Synthesized PVC Nanocomposite Membranes Integrated with Magnetically Responsive Natural Waste-Derived Nanosilica Core-Shell

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月11日

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  • Hany M. Youssef,
  • Rana H. M. El Hady Gheith,
  • Mostafa M. H. Khalil,
  • Mahmoud F. Mubarak,
  • Sameh A. Elbanna,
  • Hanan A. Ahmed

摘要

Water scarcity and contamination remain pressing global challenges, particularly in regions where conventional purification methods are either economically or environmentally unsustainable. This paper investigates bio-inspired water purification strategies that mimic natural filtration processes aiming to provide scalable and sustainable solutions for clean water access. By clearly defining the problem at the outset, the abstract emphasizes the importance and urgency of this research. Herein, a new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymeric membrane integrated with magnetic natural waste-derived nanosilica Fe3O₄@SiO₂ core-shell (PVC/Fe3O₄@SiO₂) is synthesized and applied for getting rid of oil from oil-in-water emulsions. PVC/Fe3O₄@SiO₂ membrane is characterized using a variety of techniques including FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and AFM. The membrane’s surface topography and roughness which is important for understanding how it interacts with oil droplets is examined using AFM analysis. The findings confirmed uniform nanoparticle dispersion (150 ± 25 nm), 72 ± 3% porosity, and hydrophobic surface (112° ± 2° contact angle) with particle-matrix interactions enhancing structural integrity. The membrane achieved above 95% oil rejection under optimal conditions, sustained flux up to 250 L/m².h at 7 bar, and superior antifouling performance with FRR of 92 ± 3%, Rt 33 ± 2%, Rr 25 ± 2%, and Rir 8 ± 1%-outperforming conventional PVC (FRR < 80%). The membrane also showed robust mechanical properties included tensile strength of 10.5 ± 0.6 MPa (vs. 6.8 ± 0.4 MPa for pure PVC), elongation at break of 52 ± 4% (vs. 38 ± 3%), and Young’s modulus of 215 ± 12 MPa (vs. 145 ± 8 MPa) indicating enhanced stress resistance and toughness. Efficiencies remained > 80% across stressors (100–500 mg/L oil, 0–30 g/L NaCl, pH 5–9), demonstrating suitability of the synthesized robust and effective PVC/Fe3O₄@SiO₂ functional membrane for sustainable oily wastewater remediation.