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<p>Microplastics pollution in the Philippines presents significant risks to human health, food security and marine ecosystems. Davao Gulf, a biodiversity hotspot and vital fishing ground, is increasingly affected by this contamination. This study assessed the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the gulf through sea surface water trawling and sediment sampling across multiple sites. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with average surface water concentrations of 0.097, 0.75 and 0.14 particles/m<sup>3</sup> for Trawls 1,2 and 3, respectively. Sediment concentrations averaged 15.55, 40.00 and 110.27 particles/kg at sites 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Microplastics exhibited diverse colors, morphologies and polymer types. Water samples displayed 12 color variants, predominantly white (31.34%), blue (14.43%), and black (14.10%), with fragments (41.21%) and films (30.15%) as dominant morphologies. Sediment samples showed seven color variants with brown (39.19%) and black (27.03%) prevalent, and filaments (32.43%) and fibers (24.32%) dominating. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy identified 31 polymer types in water and 12 in sediments. Polypropylene (51.41%), high-density polyethylene (21.15%) and polyethylene (5.97%) dominated in water, while azlon (33.78%) and rayon (24.32%) prevailed in sediments, indicating contributions from single-use plastics, packaging, household effluents and textile-based industries. These results highlight extensive microplastic pollution in Davao Gulf and emphasize the urgent need to upgrade wastewater treatment to capture even textile-based pollutants, promote sustainable materials and circular design, and implement coordinated regional monitoring and policies to mitigate microplastic pollution.</p>

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Characterization of Microplastics Pollution in Sea Surface Waters via Surface Trawling and Sediments of Davao Gulf, Philippines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • James Phil D. Flores,
  • Harold Fuentes,
  • Queenie Lyn Almerez,
  • Eduardo Aquino,
  • Marybeth Hope Banda,
  • Lea G. Navidad,
  • Justine B. Benitez,
  • Charmjill Y. Bacsarpa,
  • Rey Capangpangan

摘要

Microplastics pollution in the Philippines presents significant risks to human health, food security and marine ecosystems. Davao Gulf, a biodiversity hotspot and vital fishing ground, is increasingly affected by this contamination. This study assessed the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in the gulf through sea surface water trawling and sediment sampling across multiple sites. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with average surface water concentrations of 0.097, 0.75 and 0.14 particles/m3 for Trawls 1,2 and 3, respectively. Sediment concentrations averaged 15.55, 40.00 and 110.27 particles/kg at sites 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Microplastics exhibited diverse colors, morphologies and polymer types. Water samples displayed 12 color variants, predominantly white (31.34%), blue (14.43%), and black (14.10%), with fragments (41.21%) and films (30.15%) as dominant morphologies. Sediment samples showed seven color variants with brown (39.19%) and black (27.03%) prevalent, and filaments (32.43%) and fibers (24.32%) dominating. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy identified 31 polymer types in water and 12 in sediments. Polypropylene (51.41%), high-density polyethylene (21.15%) and polyethylene (5.97%) dominated in water, while azlon (33.78%) and rayon (24.32%) prevailed in sediments, indicating contributions from single-use plastics, packaging, household effluents and textile-based industries. These results highlight extensive microplastic pollution in Davao Gulf and emphasize the urgent need to upgrade wastewater treatment to capture even textile-based pollutants, promote sustainable materials and circular design, and implement coordinated regional monitoring and policies to mitigate microplastic pollution.