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<p>Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], a toxic and carcinogenic pollutant commonly found in industrial effluents, poses serious environmental and health hazards. This study investigates the use of hydrochloric acid-activated corn cob powder as a low-cost biosorbent for Cr(VI) removal in a continuous fixed-bed column system. The influence of bed depth (25 and 30 cm), flow rate (1.0–3.8 mL/min), influent concentration (10–50 mg/L), and pH (2.5–5.66) was examined. Lower flow rates and higher bed depths enhanced Cr(VI) removal, while higher flow rates led to earlier breakthrough. Adsorption equilibrium data fit well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with Langmuir providing a better correlation. Thomas and Clark models effectively described the column dynamics, confirming efficient performance for up to 2 h under optimal conditions. The study demonstrates that modified corn cob powder is a sustainable, low-cost, and effective biosorbent for Cr(VI) removal in continuous systems.</p>

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Valorisation of Corn Cob Agricultural Waste for Continuous Chromium (VI) Removal: Fixed-Bed Column Performance and Breakthrough Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Sharadchandra Tirthakar,
  • Ramesh Dod

摘要

Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], a toxic and carcinogenic pollutant commonly found in industrial effluents, poses serious environmental and health hazards. This study investigates the use of hydrochloric acid-activated corn cob powder as a low-cost biosorbent for Cr(VI) removal in a continuous fixed-bed column system. The influence of bed depth (25 and 30 cm), flow rate (1.0–3.8 mL/min), influent concentration (10–50 mg/L), and pH (2.5–5.66) was examined. Lower flow rates and higher bed depths enhanced Cr(VI) removal, while higher flow rates led to earlier breakthrough. Adsorption equilibrium data fit well with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, with Langmuir providing a better correlation. Thomas and Clark models effectively described the column dynamics, confirming efficient performance for up to 2 h under optimal conditions. The study demonstrates that modified corn cob powder is a sustainable, low-cost, and effective biosorbent for Cr(VI) removal in continuous systems.