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<p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants associated with adverse health effects, highlighting the need for sustainable remediation strategies. Conventional approaches, such as activated carbon adsorption and membrane filtration, are often limited by high operational costs and the generation of secondary waste. Pillared Interlayer clays (PILCs) offer a promising alternative due to their high surface area (200–400&#xa0;m²/g), tunable porosity, and ion exchange capacity. Despite their potential, research on PILCs for PFAS removal is highly limited, with only one study reporting a 95% removal efficiency and adsorption capacities of 150&#xa0;mg/g for long-chain PFAS using organo-pillared clays. PILCs have also shown &gt; 98% removal efficiency for pesticides and &gt; 80% degradation efficiency for persistent organic pollutants in advanced oxidation processes. With increasing regulatory pressure to mitigate PFAS contamination, this review highlights the critical need for highly efficient innovative materials and, therefore, assesses PILCs’ potential as a cost-effective and scalable remediation technology. Examining their synthesis, structural properties, and adsorption mechanisms highlights their viability for sustainable water treatment. The high performance lies in the good interaction between the fluorinated molecules and the PILCs surfaces, resulting in stronger retention, thereby improving the overall PFAS removal efficiency. Advancing research on PILCs could bridge key gaps in remediation strategies, contributing to cleaner water and environmental sustainability. Future work should optimize synthesis, explore bio-based modifications, and evaluate long-term performance for real-world applications.</p>

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Pillared Interlayer Clays for Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Contaminants Remediation: A Sustainable Approach to Environmental Remediation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Imelda R. Chavaligino,
  • Wanzira N. Mumangi,
  • Regina P. Mtei,
  • Mantsopa K. Zamisa,
  • Ednah K. Onyari,
  • Makungu M. Madirisha

摘要

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants associated with adverse health effects, highlighting the need for sustainable remediation strategies. Conventional approaches, such as activated carbon adsorption and membrane filtration, are often limited by high operational costs and the generation of secondary waste. Pillared Interlayer clays (PILCs) offer a promising alternative due to their high surface area (200–400 m²/g), tunable porosity, and ion exchange capacity. Despite their potential, research on PILCs for PFAS removal is highly limited, with only one study reporting a 95% removal efficiency and adsorption capacities of 150 mg/g for long-chain PFAS using organo-pillared clays. PILCs have also shown > 98% removal efficiency for pesticides and > 80% degradation efficiency for persistent organic pollutants in advanced oxidation processes. With increasing regulatory pressure to mitigate PFAS contamination, this review highlights the critical need for highly efficient innovative materials and, therefore, assesses PILCs’ potential as a cost-effective and scalable remediation technology. Examining their synthesis, structural properties, and adsorption mechanisms highlights their viability for sustainable water treatment. The high performance lies in the good interaction between the fluorinated molecules and the PILCs surfaces, resulting in stronger retention, thereby improving the overall PFAS removal efficiency. Advancing research on PILCs could bridge key gaps in remediation strategies, contributing to cleaner water and environmental sustainability. Future work should optimize synthesis, explore bio-based modifications, and evaluate long-term performance for real-world applications.